Understanding States of Matter and Energy Transfer

What happens to the particles of a solid as it absorbs energy?

• They bond more tightly together

• They vibrate more and can move freely

• They vibrate less and stay fixed

• They disappear

Why do particles in a solid start moving freely during melting?

• Due to pressure

• Because of cooling

• Due to energy absorption

• Because of condensation

What does melting ice take from its surroundings?

• Water

• Carbon dioxide

• Heat energy

• Air

How do particles in a liquid behave compared to those in a solid?

• They vibrate less

• They are more fixed

• They bond more tightly

• They move freely

What is necessary for a liquid to turn into a gas?

• Energy

• Cooling

• Solidification

• Pressure

What is the result of evaporation on the temperature of the surroundings?

• It fluctuates wildly

• It remains the same

• It decreases

• It increases

Which liquid used in the experiment absorbs the most heat from the surroundings?

• Ether

• Water

• Ethanol

• Control liquid

What does the experiment with thermometers and liquids demonstrate?

• Evaporation cools the surroundings

• Evaporation has no effect on temperature

• All liquids evaporate at the same rate

• Evaporation increases temperature

What happens to a gas when it is cooled sufficiently?

• It evaporates

• It melts

• It turns into a solid

• It expands

What is the effect of liquid nitrogen on gases?

• It has no effect

• It makes them expand

• It turns them into liquids or solids

• It increases their temperature