K Smith Earth History

The diagram below shows fossils and rock features. How does intrusion X compare to the ages of the other rock layers and fossils in this geologic column?

• Intrusion X is older than layers Y and Z.

• Intrusion X is younger than all the layers.

• Intrusion X is older than the clam and broadleaf fossils.

• Intrusion X is younger than the broadleaf and fern fossils.

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-4

The diagram below shows a series of rock layers and fossils. Which is true?

• Layer W is older than intrusion X.

• Intrusion X is younger than layers Z and Y.

• The broadleaf fossil is older than the fern fossil.

• The clam fossil is younger than the reptile bone fossil.

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-4

Which is younger than the broadleaf fossil?

• layer Z

• layer Y

• fern fossil

• intrusion X

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-4

NGSS.MS-LS4-1

The diagram below shows fossils and rock features. Which is younger than the clam fossil?

• Layer Z

• Broadleaf

• Intrusion X

• Reptile bone

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-4

Which statement best describes the Law of Superposition?

• Each sedimentary layer of rock represents 1,000 years of Earth’s age, much like the rings of a tree.

• In undisturbed layers of sedimentary rock, the upper rock layers are older than the lower rock layers.

• In undisturbed layers of sedimentary rock, the lowest layers contain the older rocks.

• Rocks that form near volcanoes are older than surrounding rock.

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-4

Scientists find dinosaur fossils in the bottom rock layers of a cliff and mammal fossils in the middle rock layer of the cliff. Which could best be concluded from this evidence?

• Dinosaurs ate plants.

• Dinosaurs were eaten by the mammals.

• Dinosaurs lived on Earth before the mammals.

• Dinosaurs and mammals lived at the same time.

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-4

NGSS.MS-LS4-1

A scientist finds the bones of a dinosaur. What could help the scientist determine the approximate age of the dinosaur bones?

• the birds living in the area of the bones

• the weather conditions in the area of the bones

• the kinds of trees living in the area of the bones

• the index fossils in the area of the bones

A rock sample is arranged in four undisturbed layers, W, X, Y and Z, as shown in the diagram below. Which is most likely true about the layers according to the law of superposition?

• W is the oldest rock layer and Z is the youngest rock layer.

• W is the youngest rock layer and Z is the oldest rock layer.

• X is the youngest rock layer and W is the oldest rock layer.

• X is the oldest rock layer and Y is the oldest rock layer.

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-4

The rock layers below were dated using the radioactive decay method. If the layers have been undisturbed, which best represents their arrangement from bottom to top?

• W, X, Y, Z

• X, Y, W, Z

• Z, W, Y, X

• Z, Y, X, W

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-4

Uranium is a naturally occurring radioactive element contained in some rocks. Over time, the uranium radioactively decays to the element lead. The ratio of grams of uranium to grams of lead for four rock samples is shown below. Assuming no lead was originally present in any of the rock samples, which rock sample is most likely the oldest?

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-4