21.1 The Scientific Revolution REVIEW

Francis Bacon believed that scientists should

• use reasoning.
• develop their own scientific methods.
• study philosophy.
• rely on ancient authorities.

Why did Descartes decide to set aside everything that he had learned and begin again?

• He doubted everything he had learned.
• Everything he had learned was wrong.
• Science was based on new information only.
• There were no science books.

Which of the following made it possible for scientists to practice direct observation?

• natural philosophers
• Greek thinkers
• the telescope and microscope
• the printing press

The French scientist Blaise Pascal experimented with how _____ behaved under pressure.

• light
• liquid
• gas
• Freshmen

Many intellectuals of the 1500s and 1600s did not take Margaret Cavendish’s work seriously because

• she did not believe in rationalism.
• her work was not logical.
• her work was not signed.
• she was a woman.

Copernicus argued that the planets revolved around the _____.

• sun
• earth
• each other
• center of the universe

Newton’s universal law of gravitation was important because it could explain all the _____ in the universe.

• matter
• motion
• gravity
• cheese puffs

_____ was a mathematician who showed that the orbits of the planets were elliptical.

• Isaac Newton
• Ptolemy
• Kepler
• Nicolaus Copernicus

An Englishman, _____ , is considered the greatest genius of the Scientific Revolution.

• Isaac Newton
• Ptolemy
• Kepler
• Nicolaus Copernicus

In the midst of his newfound fame, Galileo found himself under suspicion by the _____.

• British Government
• Protestants
• German Government
• Catholic Church