Photosynthesis Processes

Explain the process of C3 photosynthesis.

• C3 photosynthesis involves the fixation of carbon dioxide into a four-carbon compound

• Sugar production in C3 photosynthesis is independent of the Calvin cycle

• The process of C3 photosynthesis involves the fixation of carbon dioxide into a three-carbon compound, 3-phosphoglycerate, through RuBisCO enzyme in mesophyll cells, followed by sugar production in the Calvin cycle.

• The process of C3 photosynthesis occurs in the bundle sheath cells

Describe the process of C4 photosynthesis.

• C4 photosynthesis does not involve any carbon fixation

• C4 photosynthesis involves initial fixation of CO2 into a 4-carbon compound in mesophyll cells, followed by transport to bundle sheath cells for decarboxylation.

• C4 photosynthesis occurs only in bundle sheath cells

• C4 photosynthesis involves fixation of CO2 into a 3-carbon compound

What are the main differences between C3 and C4 photosynthesis?

• C3 plants fix CO2 into a 4-carbon compound

• C4 plants fix CO2 directly into a 3-carbon compound

• C3 plants have a specialized pathway to concentrate CO2

• C3 plants fix CO2 directly into a 3-carbon compound, while C4 plants initially fix CO2 into a 4-carbon compound and have a specialized pathway to concentrate CO2.

Why is the C4 pathway important for certain plants?

• It increases the rate of water loss during photosynthesis

• It helps plants adapt to arid environments by minimizing water loss during photosynthesis.

• It has no impact on the survival of plants in arid environments

• It decreases the efficiency of photosynthesis in plants

Which plants are known to use C4 photosynthesis?

• Wheat, barley, oats

• Tomatoes, cucumbers, peppers

• Maize, sugarcane, sorghum, certain types of grasses

• Carrots, radishes, beets

How do C3 and C4 plants differ in their carbon fixation strategies?

• C3 plants and C4 plants both use the Calvin cycle in mesophyll cells for carbon fixation

• C3 plants fix carbon using PEP carboxylase in bundle sheath cells, while C4 plants use the Calvin cycle in mesophyll cells

• C3 plants use the Calvin cycle in bundle sheath cells, while C4 plants use it in mesophyll cells

• C3 plants use the Calvin cycle in mesophyll cells, while C4 plants initially fix carbon using PEP carboxylase in mesophyll cells before using the Calvin cycle in bundle sheath cells.

What is the significance of the Kranz anatomy in C4 plants?

• Enhanced photosynthetic efficiency

• Reduced water loss

• Increased root growth

• Enhanced seed dispersal

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-5

Compare the efficiency of C3 and C4 photosynthesis in hot and dry conditions.

• C3 plants are more efficient than C4 plants in hot and dry conditions.

• C4 plants are less efficient than C3 plants in hot and dry conditions.

• C4 plants are more efficient than C3 plants in hot and dry conditions.

• Both C3 and C4 plants have equal efficiency in hot and dry conditions.

How do C4 plants minimize photorespiration compared to C3 plants?

• By decreasing the CO2 concentration in the cells

• By reducing the efficiency of the Calvin cycle

• By increasing the rate of photorespiration

• By spatially separating initial CO2 fixation from the Calvin cycle in different types of cells.

Discuss the evolutionary advantages of C4 photosynthesis in certain plant species.

• C4 photosynthesis is only advantageous in cold and wet environments

• C4 photosynthesis provides more efficient carbon fixation in hot and dry conditions by reducing photorespiration and water loss.

• C4 photosynthesis is less efficient than C3 photosynthesis in all conditions

• C4 photosynthesis leads to increased water loss in plants

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS4-2

NGSS.HS-LS4-5