9th Grade Science EOC Review

What is the basic structural and functional unit of all living organisms?

• molecule

• organ

• cell

• tissue

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In which organelle does photosynthesis occur?

• chloroplasts

• mitochondria

• nucleus

• endoplasmic reticulum

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What is the process by which plants convert sunlight into energy?

• Photovoltaic

• Sunlight conversion

• Chlorophyll process

• Photosynthesis

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What is the function of the mitochondria in a cell?

• Regulates cell division

• Synthesizes proteins

• Stores genetic material

• Produces energy (ATP) through cellular respiration

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Explain the difference between an endothermic and exothermic reaction.

• Endothermic reactions occur at higher temperatures than exothermic reactions.

• The main difference between endothermic and exothermic reactions is the direction of heat flow.

• Endothermic reactions release heat while exothermic reactions absorb heat.

• Endothermic reactions are always spontaneous, while exothermic reactions are not.

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What is the Law of Conservation of Mass?

• Mass cannot be created or destroyed, only rearranged or transformed.

• Mass can only be transformed into energy

• Mass can be created or destroyed at will

• Mass is not conserved in chemical reactions

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Describe the process of cellular respiration.

• Cellular respiration is the process by which cells produce ATP by breaking down glucose. It includes glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation.

• Cellular respiration does not produce ATP.

• Cellular respiration is the process of photosynthesis in plants.

• Cellular respiration only involves glycolysis.

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What are the levels of organization in an ecological system?

• individual, population, community, ecosystem, biome, and biosphere

• individual, population, community, biome, biosphere

• individual, community, ecosystem, biome, biosphere

• individual, population, ecosystem, biome, biosphere

Explain the concept of a food chain and give an example.

• Algae -> fish -> bear

• An example of a food chain is grass (producer) -> rabbit (primary consumer) -> fox (secondary consumer).

• Grass -> lion -> zebra

• Tree -> squirrel -> owl

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How do biotic and abiotic factors interact in an ecosystem?

• Biotic and abiotic factors interact through processes like predation, competition, and nutrient cycling.

• Biotic and abiotic factors interact through symbiosis only.

• Abiotic factors solely determine the population dynamics in an ecosystem.

• Biotic factors have no impact on abiotic factors in an ecosystem.

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