11 - (1) Natural Selection & Peppered Moths - April 5

Who is often mistakenly credited with coming up with the concept of evolution, according to the text?

• Alfred Russel Wallace

• Gregor Mendel

• Charles Darwin

• Isaac Newton

What does the term "natural selection" refer to in the context of evolution?

• The process by which individuals with beneficial traits are more likely to survive and reproduce

• The intentional selection of traits by human breeders

• The random mutation of genes within a population

• The migration of species from one habitat to another

What is an example of natural selection affecting body size in the text?

• The evolution of the peppered moth

• The change in body size of insects and arthropods due to oxygen levels

• The smaller body size of male elephant seals

• The adaptation of plants to different soil types

What environmental change led to the evolution of the peppered moth as described in the text?

• The increase in global temperatures

• The decrease in atmospheric oxygen

• The industrialization and the resulting pollution

• The introduction of new predators

What is Charles Darwin famous for proposing?

• The theory of relativity

• The germ theory of disease

• The theory of natural selection

• The theory of evolutionary gradualism

What is the main difference between natural selection and artificial selection?

• Natural selection involves human preference, while artificial selection is based on environmental factors.

• Artificial selection is driven by survival, while natural selection is based on human desires.

• Natural selection is based on environmental pressures, while artificial selection involves human choices.

• There is no difference; both terms mean the same thing.

According to the text, what is one consequence of artificial selection in British bulldogs?

What happened to the population of peppered moths in cities during the industrial revolution?

• The population remained the same.

• The population decreased significantly.

• The population transformed from light to dark.

• The population became resistant to pollution.

Nature selects...

(select all that apply)

• for favourable traits

• for unfavourable traits

• against favourable traits

• against unfavourable traits