Types of Cell Linkages and Tissue Stress Quiz

What are glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) known for in the extracellular matrix (ECM)?

• They are responsible for the color of the ECM.

• They contribute to the hydrated gel-like properties of the ECM.

• They are the primary cells responsible for synthesizing ECM components.

• They bind to cell surface receptors to facilitate cell adhesion and migration.

Which cell type is primarily responsible for synthesizing ECM components such as collagen, elastin, and fibronectin?

• Osteoblasts

• Fibroblasts

• Chondrocytes

• Keratinocytes

What is a distinctive feature of the disaccharide sequence in hyaluronan compared to other GAGs?

• It contains a high amount of sulfate groups.

• It consists of a single long chain of up to 25,000 disaccharides.

• It is primarily composed of amino acids.

• It is a branched chain of glucose molecules.

Which of the following is NOT true about proteoglycans?

• They can contain as much as 95% carbohydrate by mass.

• They are generally short, branched oligosaccharide chains.

• They have heterogeneity.

• Except for hyaluronan, all GAGs are covalently attached to protein.

What is the structure of collagen fibers?

• Short, branched, and single-stranded helical structure

• Long, stiff, double-stranded helical structure

• Long, stiff, triple-stranded helical structure

• Flexible, single-stranded non-helical structure

Which type of collagen is primarily found in bone, skin, tendons, ligaments, cornea, and makes up approximately 90% of body collagen?

• Type I

• Type II

• Type III

• Type IV

Type IV collagen forms a network that is primarily found in which tissue?

• Cartilage

• Basal lamina

• Tendons

• Blood vessels

What is the consequence of a deficiency in vitamin C on collagen?

• It enhances the stability of collagen triple helix

• It causes overproduction of collagen fibrils

• It causes collagen α-chains to fail to form a stable triple helix

• It has no effect on collagen stability

What modification occurs to selected prolines and lysines in the collagen synthesis process?

• They are phosphorylated

• They are acetylated

• They are hydroxylated to form hydroxyproline and hydroxylysine

• They are methylated

What is the primary function of elastin?

• To form microfibrils that bind to collagen

• To serve as a component of the immune system

• To form extensible fibers in connective tissues

• To bind to fibronectin and enhance cell adhesion