3.4 practice

Who is considered the guardian of the rights contained in the First Amendment?

• Congress

• State Governments

• The Supreme Court

• The President

What is required for the government to use prior restraint according to New York Times v. U.S. (1971)?

• Approval from the President

• Public support

• A high bar of national security issues

• A unanimous Supreme Court decision

What was the outcome of New York Times Company v. U.S. (1971)?

• The New York Times was required to submit future publications for government review

• The Supreme Court upheld the freedom of the press

• The New York Times was fined for publishing the Pentagon Papers

• The government was allowed to censor the New York Times

What did the Pentagon Papers reveal?

• Espionage activities

• Government corruption

• The United States involvement in the Vietnam War

• Plans for a new military technology

What principle did Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier establish regarding school newspapers?

• School newspapers have the same freedoms as professional press

• Principals can limit student press freedoms to protect the educational mission

• All student publications must be reviewed by the federal government

• Students have unlimited freedom of speech in school settings

How did the Supreme Court rule in Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier?

• Declared school newspapers unconstitutional

• In favor of the principal's right to limit publications

• In favor of the students' right to publish without censorship

• Required parental approval for school publications

What does the 'heavy presumption against prior restraint' imply?

• All government documents must be reviewed before publication

• Prior restraint is never allowed under any circumstances

• The press has unlimited freedom in what it can publish

• The government cannot censor publications without significant reason

What was the significance of Tinker v. Des Moines (1969)?

• It allowed schools to censor student publications without restrictions

• It recognized students' rights to free speech in schools

• It limited the First Amendment rights in schools

• It established the right to bear arms in schools

Freedom of speech can best be described as the _______ of democracy.

• destroyer

• threat

• pillar