Middle Childhood Dev/cognitive

What cognitive abilities are children expected to have developed by 1st grade according to the learning material?

• Ability to answer who, what, when, where, and why questions

• Ability to perform complex problem-solving

• Ability to understand abstract concepts

• Ability to write full-length essays

What do children learn the fundamentals of during the stage mentioned in the learning material?

• Sports and physical education

• Reading, writing, and math

• Science and history

• Art and music

What does "centering" refer to in Piaget's concrete operational stage?

• The ability to focus on multiple aspects of a situation simultaneously

• Focusing on only one part of a situation

• The ability to reverse actions

• The process of logical reasoning based on past experiences

What is "reversibility" in the context of Piaget's concrete operational stage?

• The process of focusing on the outcome of a situation

• The ability to perform arithmetic operations

• Actions can be reversed

• The development of abstract thinking

During the concrete operational stage, children are able to:

• Focus only on the present moment without considering past experiences

• Consider multiple aspects and think logically based on their past experiences

• Reverse their thoughts but not their actions

• Understand abstract concepts like love and justice

According to Vygotsky's ideas, what is more effective for children's learning?

• Social interaction

• Lecture

• Individual study

• Passive observation

What should be kept within the child's Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) according to Vygotsky?

• Activities and experiences

• Theoretical knowledge

• Standardized testing

• Competitive sports

What does the Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) diagram indicate as the ideal learning zone?

• Too easy (No growth)

• Too hard (Frustration)

• Just right!

• Not applicable

At what stage is the brain's size during the period described as "BRAIN DEVELOPMENT"?

• It is beginning to grow

• It is at half the size of an adult brain

• It is almost at full adult size

• It is shrinking

What happens to the frontal lobe during brain development?

• It decreases in size

• It remains the same

• It grows significantly

• It loses functionality