Unit 4 Earth's Materials and Natural Hazards

Which natural disaster is most commonly associated with the movement of tectonic plates?

• A) Tornado

• B) Earthquake

• C) Hurricane

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS3-2

Which of the following best describes metamorphic rocks?

• A) Rocks that form from cooled lava or magma

• B) Rocks that have been changed by heat and pressure

• C) Rocks that consist of consolidated sediment

Sedimentary rocks are primarily formed through which of the following processes?

• A) Cooling of magma

• B) High temperature and pressure

• C) Compaction and cementation of sediments

During a field trip, Maya observed a river cutting through a canyon and asked, 'What process is responsible for this landscape?'

• A) The process of rocks melting into magma

• B) The movement of rock particles by wind, water, or ice

• C) The buildup of sediments in a new location

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

Which area in the world is most prone to earthquakes?

• A) The Amazon Basin

• B) The Sahara Desert

• C) The Pacific Ring of Fire

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS3-2

What is the main difference between weathering and erosion?

• A) Weathering involves the movement of rock, while erosion involves the breaking down of rock.

• B) Weathering and erosion are the same process.

• C) Weathering involves the breaking down of rock, while erosion involves the movement of rock particles.

Which factor does not contribute to the process of weathering?

• A) Water

• B) Wind

• C) Tectonic movements

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

What role does water play in the process of erosion?

• A) Water only erodes rock in the form of ice.

• B) Water contributes to erosion by dissolving rock.

• C) Water can transport and deposit sediment, contributing to erosion and formation of landforms.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

PART 1: Marble

A team of geologists discovers a formation of marble several feet below the Earth's surface near a historical quarry. The marble is primarily composed of the mineral calcite. The geologists are investigating the origin of the marble and the geological processes that formed it. Based on the information provided, answer the following question:

Which location is most likely the source of the original material that was transformed into the marble?

• An ancient sand dune composed of loosely packed sand particles.

• A deep-sea sediment deposit made up of shells and skeletons of marine organisms.

• A volcanic area with extensive deposits of ash and pumice.

• A forested area rich in organic matter from decomposed plants.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-4

NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

Part 2 Marble:

A team of geologists discovers a formation of marble several feet below the Earth's surface near a historical quarry. The marble is primarily composed of the mineral calcite. The geologists are investigating the origin of the marble and the geological processes that formed it. Based on the information provided, answer the following question:

What natural process most likely transformed the original material into marble?

• The accumulation of plant material over millions of years, which then underwent compression and heating.

• The compaction of volcanic ash under high pressure and temperature, recrystallizing into hard rock.

• The deposition of marine organisms' shells and skeletons, which then were subjected to high pressure and temperature, recrystallizing into marble.

• The freezing and thawing of water in the ground, which broke down rocks into soil over thousands of years.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2