Tectonics Quiz 2

What factor influences the activities carried out by people and how they respond when an earthquake strikes?

• Nature of hazards

• Time of shaking

• Soil and Rock properties

• Population Density

Answer explanation

The time of shaking influences the activities carried out by people and how they respond when an earthquake strikes.

Which type of lava flows a shorter distance before cooling and solidifying, leading to explosive volcanic eruptions?

• Medium silica lava

• Low silica lava

• High silica lava

• No silica lava

Answer explanation

High silica lava flows a shorter distance before cooling and solidifying, leading to explosive volcanic eruptions due to its high viscosity and gas content.

What can potentially open an area up to secondary impacts of an earthquake, like liquefaction and landslides?

• Vulnerable conditions

• Prevailing wind condition

• Weak foundation

• High population density

Answer explanation

Weak foundation can potentially open an area up to secondary impacts of an earthquake, like liquefaction and landslides.

What can cause a lot of damage to properties and result in the loss of lives if people are buried within the descending soil or drowned from the rush of liquified soil?

• Quality of building design

• Distance from epicentre

• Soil and Rock properties

• Nature of hazards

Answer explanation

Soil and Rock properties can cause a lot of damage to properties and result in the loss of lives if people are buried within the descending soil or drowned from the rush of liquified soil.

What can cause respiratory problems in people when exposed to ash particles for a prolonged period?

• Quality of building design

• Vulnerable conditions

• Nature of hazards

• Prevailing wind condition

Answer explanation

Respiratory problems can be caused by the prevailing wind condition carrying ash particles, leading to prolonged exposure and health issues.

Which factor refers to the number of people per unit of area and influences the disaster risks during an earthquake?

• Time of shaking

• Quality of building design

• Distance from epicentre

• Population Density

Answer explanation

Population Density refers to the number of people per unit of area and influences disaster risks during an earthquake by affecting the potential number of casualties and impact on infrastructure.

What can cause buildings and bridges to collapse more easily during an earthquake due to intense shaking?

• Soil and Rock properties

• Quality of building design

• Population Density

• Nature of hazards

Answer explanation

Soil and Rock properties can cause buildings and bridges to collapse more easily during an earthquake due to intense shaking as the type of soil and rock can amplify or dampen seismic waves.

Which condition can increase the vulnerability of people and properties, therefore increasing disaster risks?

• Vulnerable conditions

• Prevailing wind condition

• Time of shaking

• Distance from epicentre

Answer explanation

Vulnerable conditions can increase the vulnerability of people and properties, thus increasing disaster risks.

What can cause more violent shaking in a city when it is nearer to the epicentre of an earthquake?

• Nature of hazards

• Quality of building design

• Population Density

• Distance from epicentre

Answer explanation

The more violent shaking in a city when it is nearer to the epicentre of an earthquake is primarily caused by the shorter distance from the epicentre, leading to stronger seismic waves affecting the area.

Which factor can influence the direction of ashfall and tephra flow, and the extent of damage during a volcanic eruption?

• Quality of building design

• Soil and Rock properties

• Prevailing wind condition

• Vulnerable conditions

Answer explanation

The prevailing wind condition can influence the direction of ashfall and tephra flow, determining the extent of damage during a volcanic eruption.