Gene Expression and Regulation

What is the relationship between a protein, the cell, and DNA?

• DNA is produced by protein which is produced in the cell
• Protein is composed of DNA which is produced in the cell
• DNA controls the production of protein in the cell
• A cell is composed of DNA and protein

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

The "on/off" switch for an operon is called the

• promoter
• repressor
• operator
• gene

Which of the following is an example of post-transcriptional control of gene expression?

• the addition of methyl groups to cytosine bases of DNA
• the binding of transcription factors to a promoter
• the removal of introns and splicing together of exons
• gene amplification contributing to cancer

Which sections of mRNA are cut out and discarded before the mRNA leaves the nucleus?

• Exons
• Introns
• Genes
• Amino acids

During DNA methylation (adding of a methyl group),

• mRNA molecules are prohibited from being translated
• a methyl cap is added to the 5' end to prevent DNA degredation
• transcription factor proteins recruit RNA polymerase initiating transcription
• chromatin becomes more tightly packed

Operons are only found in

• prokaryotes

• eukaryotes

Attachment of ______ groups to ______ will cause promotion of gene expression due to looser DNA.

• acetyl, DNA

• methyl, DNA

• acetyl, histones

• methyl, histones

How can a person's muscle cells have the same exact DNA sequences as their nerve cells even though the look and perform completely different?

• The two different cells become mutated
• The proteins expressed in each cell are different
• They actually have different DNA in the two types of cells.
• The genome of the different cells changes

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

NGSS.HS-LS1-4

When does chromatin remodeling take place in the process of protein synthesis?

• before transcription

• after translation

• during DNA replication

• after transcription, but before exiting the nucleus

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

Which type of organism's DNA contains introns that must be removed before translation?

• introns are fake

• both prokaryotes and eukaryotes

• eukaryotes only

• prokaryotes only