Midterm review III

Explain the difference between stratified sampling and cluster sampling.

• In stratified sampling, the population is divided into clusters, while in cluster sampling, the population is divided into subgroups.

• Stratified sampling involves selecting random individuals from each cluster, while cluster sampling involves selecting random individuals from each subgroup.

• Cluster sampling is more accurate than stratified sampling in representing the population.

• In stratified sampling, the population is divided into subgroups, while in cluster sampling, the population is divided into clusters.

Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of convenience sampling.

• Convenience sampling is time-consuming and expensive.

• Convenience sampling eliminates bias completely.

• Convenience sampling is always accurate and representative.

• Convenience sampling has advantages in terms of ease and cost, but disadvantages in terms of bias and limited generalizability.

What is systematic sampling and when is it used?

• Systematic sampling is used when the population is large and randomly ordered.

• Systematic sampling is used when the population is small and randomly ordered.

• Systematic sampling is used when the population is small and not randomly ordered.

• Systematic sampling is used when the population is large and not randomly ordered.

Define quota sampling and provide an example.

• Picking participants randomly without any criteria

• Choosing participants based on their gender only

• Selecting participants only from one age group

• An example of quota sampling would be selecting 100 participants from different age groups (e.g., 20-30, 31-40, 41-50) to ensure proportional representation in a survey.

Compare and contrast probability sampling and non-probability sampling.

• Probability sampling guarantees representative samples, while non-probability sampling does not consider representativeness.

• Probability sampling is more cost-effective than non-probability sampling due to its random nature.

• Probability sampling involves selecting the most likely candidates, while non-probability sampling involves selecting the least likely candidates.

• Probability sampling involves random selection with known probabilities, while non-probability sampling does not involve random selection and has unknown probabilities.

What is snowball sampling and in what research scenarios is it commonly used?

• Snowball sampling is a non-probability sampling technique used in scenarios where the population of interest is hard to reach or identify, such as in social network studies or studies involving marginalized groups.

• Snowball sampling is a technique used to ensure a representative sample in all research scenarios.

• Snowball sampling is a probability sampling technique used in scenarios where the population of interest is easily accessible.

• Snowball sampling is only used in medical research scenarios.

Describe the purpose of purposive sampling in research.

• Purposive sampling aims to select participants randomly without any specific criteria.

• The purpose of purposive sampling is to ensure the research includes as many participants as possible.

• The purpose of purposive sampling is to deliberately choose participants who can provide in-depth insights or represent specific traits, ensuring the research aligns with its objectives.

• Purposive sampling is used to exclude participants who have unique perspectives.

Discuss the importance of sample size determination in research design.

• Sample size determination is irrelevant in research design

• Having a small sample size leads to more accurate results

• Sample size determination only matters in qualitative studies

• Sample size determination is important in research design to ensure the study results are valid, reliable, and generalizable.

What research design is often conducted in a controlled setting with corresponding research treatment?

• Correlational

• Ex Post Facto

• Survey Research

• Experimental

Mr. Canuc would like to know further the type of social media used between the male and female SHS students of East Pagat National High School. What is the appropriate research design to be used in his study?

• Quasi-Experimental

• Correlational

• Experimental

• Descriptive