Climate and Weather

What is the main difference between weather and climate?

• Weather and climate are the same thing.

• Weather is short-term, while climate is long-term.

• Climate changes daily, while weather remains constant.

• Weather only affects humans, while climate affects the entire planet.

Name the four main types of air masses that influence weather patterns.

• maritime equatorial

• continental arctic

• maritime tropical, continental tropical, maritime polar, continental polar

• maritime arctic

What is the Coriolis effect and how does it impact global wind patterns?

• The Coriolis effect only impacts wind patterns in the Southern Hemisphere

• The Coriolis effect is a man-made phenomenon

• The Coriolis effect is caused by the gravitational pull of the Moon

• The Coriolis effect is the deflection of moving objects caused by the rotation of the Earth, impacting global wind patterns by causing winds in the Northern Hemisphere to curve to the right and winds in the Southern Hemisphere to curve to the left.

Explain the difference between high-pressure systems and low-pressure systems.

• Low-pressure systems have higher atmospheric pressure at the center compared to the surrounding areas.

• High-pressure systems have higher atmospheric pressure at the center compared to the surrounding areas, while low-pressure systems have lower atmospheric pressure at the center compared to the surrounding areas.

• High-pressure systems are associated with rainy weather, while low-pressure systems are associated with clear skies.

• High-pressure systems have lower atmospheric pressure at the center compared to the surrounding areas.

What are the three main climate zones on Earth?

• Tropical, Temperate, and Polar

• Desert, Rainforest, Tundra

• Hot, Cold, Mild

• Equatorial, Subtropical, Arctic

Describe the characteristics of the tropical climate zone.

• Proximity to the poles

• Characterized by high temperatures year-round, little seasonal variation, high humidity, heavy rainfall, and proximity to the equator.

• Low humidity

• Low temperatures year-round

• Low rainfall

What are the two main types of precipitation and how do they form?

• Fog and mist

• Rain and snow

• Hail and sleet

• Sunshine and clouds

Explain the concept of the rain shadow effect and give an example.

• An example of the rain shadow effect is the Atacama Desert in South America, which is located on the leeward side of the Andes Mountains.

• The rain shadow effect is caused by excessive rainfall on the leeward side of a mountain range.

• The rain shadow effect only occurs in coastal regions.

• An example of the rain shadow effect is the Amazon Rainforest.

What is the difference between sleet and hail?

• Sleet is always smaller than hail.

• Sleet is caused by volcanic eruptions, while hail is caused by hurricanes.

• Sleet is formed in summer, while hail is formed in winter.

• Sleet is a mixture of rain and snow, while hail is balls of ice formed in thunderstorms.

How does the presence of mountains affect precipitation in a region?

• Mountains can cause orographic precipitation by forcing air to rise and cool, leading to increased precipitation on the windward side.

• Mountains have no impact on precipitation in a region.

• Mountains decrease precipitation by blocking moisture from reaching the region.

• Mountains increase precipitation by absorbing water vapor from the atmosphere.