Biology Diseases and Immunity

What is the primary function of the immune system?

• To improve memory function

• To aid in digestion

• To protect the body from harmful pathogens

• To regulate body temperature

Name the two main types of immunity.

• inherited immunity and acquired immunity

• primary immunity and secondary immunity

• natural immunity and acquired immunity

• innate immunity and adaptive immunity

Explain the difference between innate and adaptive immunity.

• Innate immunity is specific to certain pathogens, while adaptive immunity is non-specific.

• Innate immunity involves memory cells, while adaptive immunity does not.

• Innate immunity is non-specific and present at birth, while adaptive immunity is specific and develops over time.

• Innate immunity is acquired through exposure to pathogens, while adaptive immunity is present at birth.

What are antibodies and how do they function in the immune response?

• Antibodies are proteins that bind to specific antigens, marking them for destruction and neutralizing pathogens.

• Antibodies are lipids that promote pathogen growth.

• Antibodies are nucleic acids that regulate inflammation.

• Antibodies are carbohydrates that inhibit the immune response.

Describe the role of T cells in the immune system.

• T cells have no role in the immune response

• T cells primarily function in the digestive system

• T cells are responsible for producing antibodies

• T cells play a crucial role in identifying and destroying infected cells, regulating the immune response, and assisting other immune cells.

What is the purpose of vaccinations in boosting immunity?

• To spread diseases

• To weaken the immune system

• To stimulate the immune system to produce antibodies and create immunity without causing the disease.

• To cause allergies

How does the immune system distinguish between self and non-self cells?

• By recognizing antigens present on the surface of cells

• By color coding cells

• By counting the number of cells

• By playing a sound when cells are detected

What is an autoimmune disease and give an example.

• Type 2 diabetes

• Hypertension

• Rheumatoid arthritis

• Lupus

Discuss the concept of herd immunity and its importance.

• Herd immunity is crucial in reducing the overall disease burden and protecting the community from outbreaks.

• Herd immunity is a myth and has no impact on disease prevention.

• Herd immunity is only relevant for individual protection, not community health.

• Herd immunity is achieved by isolating infected individuals from the community.

Explain the process of inflammation in the immune response.

• Inflammation is a result of lack of sleep

• Inflammation is triggered by harmful stimuli, leading to blood vessel leakage, swelling, and white blood cell migration to eliminate the threat.

• Inflammation occurs due to overconsumption of sugar

• Inflammation is caused by excessive water intake