Southwest Asia

Which countries partitioned the Middle East after WWI?

• France and Britain
• USA and Japan
• Russia and Turkey
• Germany and Italy

Did Middle Easterners have input in the partitioning process?

• Palestinian- Israeli

• Pizza and bread sticks

• The Arab countries were not consulted

• Each country had borders very tightly defined by European powers; drew borders

Describe the problems with the partitioning of the Middle East.

• Organic borders, acknowledgment of ethnic and religious divisions, formation of cohesive states, alleviation of existing tensions
• Each country had borders very tightly defined by European powers; drew borders

• Arbitrary borders, disregard for ethnic and religious divisions, creation of artificial states, exacerbation of existing tensions
• Natural borders, respect for ethnic and religious divisions, creation of unified states, resolution of existing tensions

How did the partitioning of the Middle East lead to lasting regional conflict?

• The partitioning of the Middle East was based on natural geographic boundaries
• The partitioning of the Middle East resulted in economic prosperity and stability
• Partitioning led to increased cooperation among diverse groups, reducing conflict
• Religious and ethnic conflicts would be fought in the region. Claims for land would be hotly contesteds, or tribal boundaries, leading to lasting regional conflict.

Palestinian-Israeli

• Palestinian-Israeli
• Palestinian-Lebanese
• Palestinian-Jordanian
• The land in Israel was sacred to both Jewish and Muslim people. Palestinians denied the right of Israel to exist as a nation.

Sunni and Shia

• Shia and Sunni Muslims have long battled for power in Iraq, where the British had merged them together Fundamentalist Muslims overtook the Iranian government, imposed a strict interpretation of Islamic law on the entire population, and tried to remove all influences of western society.

• Sunni and Hindu are the two main branches of Islam.
• Sunni and Buddhist are the two main branches of Islam.
• Sunni and Sikh are the two main branches of Islam.

Kurdish Persecution

• Kurds did not get their own territory when Europeans partitioned the region, and that has left them vulnerable to extreme persecution

• Kurdish people are the dominant ethnic group in the regions they inhabit.
• Kurdish people have never faced any form of discrimination or persecution.
• Kurdish people have always been fully accepted in every country they reside in.

Describe the connection of the Jewish people to Israel.

• The Jewish people have a linguistic connection to Israel.
• Jewish people have felt a deeply religious connection to Israel because many sites and artifacts that are sacred to Jews, including the Western Wall of their ancient temple, are in Israel

• The Jewish people have a musical connection to Israel.
• The Jewish people have a historical and religious connection to Israel.

How did anti-Semitism and persecution in Europe affect the distribution of the Jewish population?

• Jewish population remained concentrated in a few specific areas due to fear of persecution
• Anti-Semitism led to the Jewish population becoming isolated and self-sufficient in Europe
• Forced migrations, expulsions, and massacres caused the Jewish population to disperse across different regions and countries.
• Jewish people lived in minority communities throughout predominantly Christian Europe; because of the rise of antisemitism in Europe, many Jewish people immigrated to Palestine between 1919 and 1939.
  

What were the central ideas of Zionism?

• Advocating for global unity
• Supporting the establishment of a Christian homeland
• That the Jewish people should have a safe home in Palestine and Jerusalem, secured by public law

• Opposing the idea of self-determination