19-1

What was the Second Industrial Revolution characterized by?

• A) A decline in U.S. manufacturing

• B) Rapid growth in U.S. manufacturing in the late 1800s

• C) The beginning of the digital age

• D) The invention of the steam engine

What is steel made stronger by?

• Cold air

• Heat and the addition of other metals

• Water

• Pressure

Who invented the Bessemer Process?

• Andrew Carnegie

• Henry Ford

• Henry Bessemer

• Alfred Nobel

In which decade was the Bessemer Process invented?

• 1840s

• 1850s

• 1860s

• 1870s

What was the main advantage of the Bessemer Process?

• It allowed steel to be made stronger by heat alone.

• It was a way to manufacture steel slowly and expensively.

• It was a way to manufacture steel quickly and cheaply.

• It increased the impurities in steel.

What process helped increase steel production in the 19th century?

• The Smithing Process

• The Bessemer Process

• The Forging Process

• The Casting Process

How much steel was produced in 1870?

• 77,000 tons

• 1,000,000 tons

• 500,000 tons

• 100,000 tons

By 1879, how much steel was produced as a result of the Bessemer Process?

• Over 500,000 tons

• Over 1,000,000 tons

• Over 2,000,000 tons

• Over 77,000 tons

What happened to the cost of building railroads as steel dropped in price?

• It remained the same

• It increased

• It decreased

• It was not affected by the price of steel

What was the impact on cities where major rail lines crossed, such as Chicago?

• They declined in population

• They remained the same

• They grew rapidly

• They became less important