BIO 1C Vocabulary

Plasma Membrane

• Organism composed of multiple cells working together
• Outer boundary of a cell, regulating what enters and exits
• Single-celled microorganisms with prokaryotic cell structures
• Kingdom of multicellular, photosynthetic organisms with eukaryotic cells

Centrioles

• Cellular structure responsible for protein synthesis
• Rigid outer layer providing structure and support to plant and bacterial cells
• Cell organelles involved in cell division and forming the spindle fibers
• Cell organelle involved in modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins

Contractile Vacuole

• Specialized structures within a cell that perform specific functions
• Organelle in some cells that expels excess water to maintain osmotic balance
• Cell organelle responsible for energy production through cellular respiration
• Organisms such as yeasts and molds with eukaryotic cells

Mitochondrion

• Cell organelle responsible for energy production through cellular respiration
• Rigid outer layer providing structure and support to plant and bacterial cells
• Microorganisms with distinct cell structures, often found in extreme environments
• Kingdom of multicellular, photosynthetic organisms with eukaryotic cells

Nucleolus

• Organisms such as yeasts and molds with eukaryotic cells
• Structure within the nucleus involved in ribosome production
• Microorganisms with distinct cell structures, often found in extreme environments
• Membrane-bound sacs involved in storage, transport, and digestion within the cell

Prokaryote

• True bacteria with prokaryotic cell structures
• Organism consisting of a single cell
• Single-celled organism lacking a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles
• Membrane-bound sacs involved in storage, transport, and digestion within the cell

Eukaryote

• Organism with cells containing a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles
• Cell organelles involved in cell division and forming the spindle fibers
• Structure within the nucleus involved in ribosome production
• Cell organelle involved in protein and lipid synthesis

Golgi Apparatus

• Kingdom of multicellular, photosynthetic organisms with eukaryotic cells
• Cell organelle involved in modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins
• Structure within the nucleus involved in ribosome production
• Organelle in plant cells responsible for photosynthesis

Lysosomes

• Kingdom composed of eukaryotes that are not classified as plants, animals, or fungi
• Cell organelle involved in protein and lipid synthesis
• Organelle in some cells that expels excess water to maintain osmotic balance
• Organelles containing enzymes for intracellular digestion and waste removal

Ribosome

• Membrane-bound sacs involved in storage, transport, and digestion within the cell
• Cellular structure responsible for protein synthesis
• Organism with cells containing a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles
• Cell organelle containing genetic material and controlling cell activities