Biochemistry

What is the primary structure of a protein?

• Spiral sequence of amino acids

• Random sequence of amino acids

• Linear sequence of amino acids

• Circular sequence of amino acids

Which amino acid is known as the 'building block' of proteins?

• Serine

• Alanine

• Leucine

• Glycine

What are the four nitrogenous bases found in DNA?

• Uracil

• Thymidine

• Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, Cytosine

• Adenosine

• Guanosine

What is the function of tRNA in protein synthesis?

• Regulates gene expression

• Forms peptide bonds between amino acids

• Transcribes DNA into mRNA

• Carries amino acids to the ribosome

Describe the structure of a nucleotide.

• A nucleotide consists of a phosphate group, a five-carbon sugar, and a carbon base.

• A nucleotide consists of a phosphate group, a four-carbon sugar, and a nitrogenous base.

• A nucleotide consists of a phosphate group, a six-carbon sugar, and a nitrogenous base.

• A nucleotide consists of a phosphate group, a five-carbon sugar, and a nitrogenous base.

What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?

• mRNA regulates gene expression but is not involved in protein synthesis

• mRNA is responsible for breaking down proteins

• mRNA serves as a structural component in protein synthesis

• mRNA acts as a messenger to transfer genetic information from DNA to the ribosomes for protein synthesis.

Explain the difference between purines and pyrimidines.

• Purines are composed of cytosine, thymine, and uracil, while pyrimidines are composed of adenine and guanine.

• Purines are single-ring nitrogenous bases (adenine and guanine), while pyrimidines are double-ring nitrogenous bases (cytosine, thymine, and uracil).

• Purines are double-ring nitrogenous bases (adenine and guanine), while pyrimidines are single-ring nitrogenous bases (cytosine, thymine, and uracil).

• Purines and pyrimidines are both single-ring nitrogenous bases.

What is the significance of the double helix structure of DNA?

• The double helix structure of DNA is significant because it determines eye color.

• The double helix structure of DNA is significant because it regulates blood pressure.

• The double helix structure of DNA is significant because it allows for energy production.

• The double helix structure of DNA is significant because it allows for the storage and replication of genetic information.

How do hydrogen bonds contribute to protein structure?

• Hydrogen bonds have no impact on protein folding

• Hydrogen bonds stabilize secondary structures and aid in protein folding.

• Hydrogen bonds destabilize secondary structures

• Hydrogen bonds break down protein structures

What is the central dogma of molecular biology?

• DNA -> Protein -> RNA

• DNA -> RNA -> Protein

• Protein -> RNA -> DNA

• RNA -> DNA -> Protein