C1 8.5C, 6.6A Periodic Table

The image shows the Periodic Table of the Elements. Which THREE elements share the characteristics of having one valence electron and being highly reactive in water?

• Lithium

• Krypton

• Sodium

• Potassium

• Magnesium

The elements in which section of the periodic table are the most stable and rarely react with other elements?

• Metals

• Metalloids

• Noble gases

• Nonmetals

What are the columns on the periodic table called?

• Series

• Groups

• Classes

• Periods

On the periodic table, the elements in the columns have the same number of —

• protons in their outer shells.

• electrons in their outer shells.

• neutrons.

• electrons.

What are the rows on the periodic table called?

• Classes

• Groups

• Series

• Periods

The periodic table organizes the 118 known chemical elements by their —

• nucleus' radius in zeptometers.

• atomic numbers, which is equal to the number of protons in an atom.

• atomic masses, which is equal to the number of electrons in an atom.

• chemical symbols in alphabetical order.

The element sodium (Na) occurs naturally as a light solid with a shiny metallic appearance. The diagram below shows what will happen when a piece of pure sodium is placed in water. This indicates that the properties of the elements in the same column on the periodic table as sodium (Na) have —

• the tendency to be highly reactive.

• properties of metals and nonmetals.

• a full octet of eight electrons in their outer shell.

• brittle textures so they disintegrate in water.

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NGSS.MS-PS1-2

The periodic table is divided into groups. In general, —

• the groups are based on the number of neutrons in the nucleus.

• elements in one group do not tend to bond with elements in other groups.

• the groups are based only on atomic numbers.

• elements that belong to the same group tend to have similar chemical properties.

The bold zigzag line on the right side of the periodic table represents the shift from —

• large atomic numbers to small atomic numbers.

• reactive elements to nonreactive elements.

• transition metals to alkali metals.

• transition metals to nonmetals.

Aluminum, sulfur, and chlorine are elements found on the periodic table. Tests involving these three elements would show that at normal room temperature —

• sulfur is malleable and aluminum conducts electricity

• chlorine is malleable and conducts electricity

• aluminum is malleable and conducts electricity

• all three elements are malleable and conduct electricity