ionic bonding

What is an ion?

• An ion is a type of plant that grows in water.
• An ion is a type of solid material with a specific crystal structure.
• An ion is an atom or molecule that has a net electrical charge.
• An ion is a type of gas found in the atmosphere.

How are cations formed in ionic bonding?

• By losing electrons
• By gaining electrons
• By sharing electrons
• By forming covalent bonds

Give an example of a common cation and its charge.

How are anions formed in ionic bonding?

• Anions are created by the attraction of positively charged ions.
• Anions are formed by sharing electrons between atoms.
• Atoms gain electrons to become negatively charged anions.
• Atoms lose electrons to become negatively charged anions.

Provide an example of a common anion and its charge.

• Chloride (Cl-) with a charge of -1
• Potassium (K-) with a charge of -1
• Calcium (Ca-) with a charge of -1
• Sodium (Na+) with a charge of -1

Define electron transfer in the context of ionic bonding.

• Transfer of protons between atoms
• Partial transfer of electrons between atoms
• Complete transfer of electrons between atoms
• No transfer of electrons between atoms

In an ionic bond between sodium and chlorine, which atom loses electrons and which atom gains electrons?

• Chlorine loses electrons and sodium gains electrons.
• Both sodium and chlorine lose electrons.
• Both sodium and chlorine gain electrons.
• Sodium loses electrons and chlorine gains electrons.

How does the octet rule relate to electron transfer in ionic bonding?

• The octet rule requires atoms to form covalent bonds instead of ionic bonds.
• The octet rule states that atoms must share electrons equally in ionic bonding.
• In ionic bonding, the octet rule dictates that atoms must have 8 valence electrons in total.
• The octet rule relates to electron transfer in ionic bonding by guiding atoms to gain or lose electrons to achieve a full outer shell.

Describe the typical structure of an ionic compound.

• Metal cations and non-metal anions arranged in a repeating 3D lattice structure.
• Ionic compounds are made up of only metal cations
• Ionic compounds have a linear structure
• Ionic compounds do not involve any lattice arrangement

What are some characteristics of ionic compounds in terms of melting and boiling points?

• High melting and boiling points
• No melting and boiling points
• Variable melting and boiling points
• Low melting and boiling points