Coastal processes

What type of wave is characterised by a long wavelength and weak backwash?

• destructive wave

• tsunami wave

• constructive wave

• tidal wave

What is a key feature of a destructive wave?

• Strong swash

• Weak backwash

• Beach built up by deposition

• Strong backwash

What results from the strong swash of a constructive wave?

• Beach erosion

• Beach built up by deposition of material brought up in swash

• Steep gradient waves

• Tall waves with short wavelength

Which feature is associated with destructive waves?

• Shallow gradient waves

• Beach erosion

• Long wavelength

• Weak swash

What is weathering?

• The process of rocks growing larger

• The break down of rock insitu (in place)

• The construction of rock formations

• The solidification of molten lava

Which of the following is NOT a means by which weathering weakens rock structure?

• Chemical

• Biological

• Mechanical

• Electromagnetic

What is chemical weathering?

• When rocks are broken down by the impact of living organisms

• When rocks are broken down by the physical process of freeze-thaw

• When chemicals in the sea/rain water alter the structure of the rock

• When rocks are broken down by electrical processes

What is biological weathering?

• When rocks are broken down by the physical process of freeze-thaw

• When rocks are broken down by the impact of living organisms

• When chemicals in the sea/rain water alter the structure of the rock

• When rocks are broken down by electrical processes

What is mechanical (physical) weathering?

• When rocks are broken down by the impact of living organisms

• When rocks are broken down by electrical processes

• When chemicals in the sea/rain water alter the structure of the rock

• Where a physical breakdown of rocks occurs, due to the process of freeze-thaw

What is mass movement and when can it happen?

• The movement of animals during seasonal changes, which can happen any time.

• The process by which rocks from the coastline collapse under the influence of gravity, which can happen once they are weakened by weathering

• The transportation of sediment in a river, which happens during heavy rainfall

• The shifting of sand dunes due to wind, which occurs mostly in desert areas