Nervous System Review Lectures 1&2

Which of the following best illustrates the connection between the muscular system and the nervous system?

• The muscular system controls the functions of the nervous system.
• The nervous system sends signals to the muscular system.
• The nervous system is not involved in muscle movement.
• The muscular system does not respond to signals from the nervous system.

What is the respective function of afferent and efferent nerves?

• Afferent nerves carry sensory commands, and efferent nerves carry motor information.
• Afferent nerves carry motor commands, and efferent nerves carry sensory commands.
• Afferent nerves carry sensory information, and efferent nerves carry motor commands.
• Afferent nerves carry motor commands, and efferent nerves carry sensory information.

Which branch of the autonomic nervous system is primarily associated with preparing the body for action in response to stress or perceived threats (fight or flight)?

• Parasympathetic nervous system
• Central nervous system
• Somatic nervous system
• Sympathetic nervous system

Which structures make up the central nervous system (CNS)? 

• brain and spinal cord
• heart and lungs
• stomach and intestines
• liver and kidneys

Which structures make up the peripheral nervous system (PNS)? 

• Ligaments and tendons
• Bones and muscles
• Veins and arteries
• Nerves and ganglia

Which function is the somatic nervous system responsible for? 

• Involuntary movements and sensory information processing
• Processing emotions and regulating body temperature
• Voluntary movements and sensory information processing
• Controlling the endocrine system and digestion

Which functions is the autonomic nervous system responsible for?

• Regulating involuntary bodily functions
• Controlling voluntary muscle movements
• Regulating conscious thoughts
• Maintaining body temperature

What distinguishes neuroglia from neurons in the nervous system?

• Neuroglia transmit electrical signals in the nervous system.
• Neuroglia are responsible for memory storage in the nervous system.
• Neuroglia are the primary cells for sensory perception in the nervous system.
• Neuroglia provide support and insulation to neurons, while neurons transmit electrical signals.

Why is the transmission of nerve impulses often referred to as an electrochemical event? 

• Nerve impulses involve both the movement of ions and the release of neurotransmitters.
• Nerve impulses involve the release of hormones instead of neurotransmitters.
• Nerve impulses are purely mechanical events.
• Nerve impulses involve only the movement of ions.

Give an example of both an excitatory neurotransmitter and an inhibitory neurotransmitter. 

• Glutamate (excitatory), GABA (inhibitory)
• Acetylcholine (excitatory), Serotonin (inhibitory)
• Serotonin (excitatory), Dopamine (inhibitory)
• Norepinephrine (excitatory), Acetylcholine (inhibitory)