Grade 5 Physical Geography Exam

Which of the following best defines a drainage basin?

• A geographical area drained by a river and its tributaries.

• An underground network of pipes for sewage disposal.

• A large reservoir for collecting rainwater.

• A landform created by erosion from flowing water.

Which of the following best describes weathering?

• The process of breaking down rocks into smaller pieces

• The study of atmospheric conditions such as temperature, humidity, and precipitation.

• The formation of sedimentary rocks through compaction and cementation.

• The movement of soil and rock fragments downhill due to gravity.

Which of the following best defines erosion?

• The wearing away of the Earth's surface by the action of natural forces like water, wind, or glaciers.

• The process of breaking down rocks into smaller particles through physical or chemical means.

• The deposition of sediment carried by wind, water, or ice.

• The process of compacting and cementing sedimentary rocks to form solid rock layers.

Which of the following best describes tributaries?

• Small streams or rivers that flow into a larger main river.

• Underground reservoirs that supply water to wells.

• Channels carved by glaciers during the Ice Age.

• Channels carved by glaciers during the Ice Age.

Which of the following best defines confluence?

• The point where two rivers or streams meet and merge.

• A type of sedimentary rock formed from the accumulation of organic materials.

• The process of water vapor turning into liquid water.

• A type of volcanic eruption characterized by the explosive release of gases.

Which of the following best describes a meander?

• A strong, narrow current in a river.

• A large, circular whirlpool formed by the movement of water.

• A bend or curve in a river's course, typically caused by erosion and deposition.

• A type of sedimentary rock formed from the remains of living organisms.

Which of the following best defines an estuary?

• A large lake formed by a glacier's melting ice.

• A coastal inlet or bay where freshwater from rivers and streams mixes with saltwater from the ocean.

• An underground layer of rock or sediment that holds water.

• A type of wetland characterized by saturated soil and water-tolerant vegetation.

Which of the following best defines a delta?

• A triangular area of sediment deposited at the mouth of a river, typically where it flows into an ocean or lake.

• A type of rock formation characterized by layers of volcanic ash and lava.

• A large, slow-moving mass of ice formed by the accumulation and compaction of snow.

• A region with very low precipitation and sparse vegetation, often with extreme temperatures.

Which of the following best describes an aquifer?

• A type of marine ecosystem found in deep ocean trenches.

• A geological formation that stores and transmits groundwater.

• A region characterized by extremely dry conditions and little to no vegetation

• A large, swirling body of water caused by the meeting of tides and currents

Which of the following best defines groundwater?

• Water that flows over the surface of the Earth in rivers, streams, and lakes.

• Water vapor in the atmosphere condensed into droplets and falling to the ground as rain, snow, or hail.

• Water stored beneath the Earth's surface in porous rock layers or aquifers.

• Water that accumulates on the surface of the ground after precipitation or irrigation.