AWS Certified Solutions Architect Professional SAP-C02 Pt02

An enterprise company wants to allow its developers to purchase third-party software through AWS Marketplace. The company uses an AWS Organizations account structure with full features enabled, and has a shared services account in each organizational unit (OU) that will be used by procurement managers. The procurement team’s policy indicates that developers should be able to obtain third-party software from an approved list only and use Private Marketplace in AWS Marketplace to achieve this requirement. The procurement team wants administration of Private Marketplace to be restricted to a role named procurement-manager-role, which could be assumed by procurement managers. Other IAM users, groups, roles, and account administrators in the company should be denied Private Marketplace administrative access. What is the MOST efficient way to design an architecture to meet these requirements?

• Create an IAM role named procurement-manager-role in all AWS accounts in the organization. Add the PowerUserAccess managed policy to the role. Apply an inline policy to all IAM users and roles in every AWS account to deny permissions on the AWSPrivateMarketplaceAdminFullAccess managed policy.
• Create an IAM role named procurement-manager-role in all AWS accounts in the organization. Add the AdministratorAccess managed policy to the role. Define a permissions boundary with the AWSPrivateMarketplaceAdminFullAccess managed policy and attach it to all the developer roles.
• Create an IAM role named procurement-manager-role in all the shared services accounts in the organization. Add the AWSPrivateMarketplaceAdminFullAccess managed policy to the role. Create an organization root-level SCP to deny permissions to administer Private Marketplace to everyone except the role named procurement-manager-role. Create another organization root-level SCP to deny permissions to create an IAM role named procurement-manager-role to everyone in the organization.
• Create an IAM role named procurement-manager-role in all AWS accounts that will be used by developers. Add the AWSPrivateMarketplaceAdminFullAccess managed policy to the role. Create an SCP in Organizations to deny permissions to administer Private Marketplace to everyone except the role named procurement-manager-role. Apply the SCP to all the shared services accounts in the organization.

A company is in the process of implementing AWS Organizations to constrain its developers to use only Amazon EC2, Amazon S3, and Amazon DynamoDB. The developers account resides in a dedicated organizational unit (OU). The solutions architect has implemented the following SCP on the developers account: { "Version": "2012-10-17", “Statement”: [ { "Sid": "AllowEC2", "Effect":"Allow" "Action": "ec2:*" "Resource": "*" }, { "Sid": "AllowDynamoDB", "Effect":"Allow", "Action": "dynamodb:*", "Resource": "*" }, { "Sid": "AllowS3", "Effect":"Allow", "Action": "s3:*", "Resource": "*" } ] } When this policy is deployed, IAM users in the developers account are still able to use AWS services that are not listed in the policy. What should the solutions architect do to eliminate the developers’ ability to use services outside the scope of this policy?

• Create an explicit deny statement for each AWS service that should be constrained.
• Remove the FullAWSAccess SCP from the developers account’s OU.
• Modify the FullAWSAccess SCP to explicitly deny all services.
• Add an explicit deny statement using a wildcard to the end of the SCP.

Answer explanation

全てのアカウントに設定するのは負荷が高い

A company is hosting a monolithic REST-based API for a mobile app on five Amazon EC2 instances in public subnets of a VPC. Mobile clients connect to the API by using a domain name that is hosted on Amazon Route 53. The company has created a Route 53 multivalue answer routing policy with the IP addresses of all the EC2 instances. Recently, the app has been overwhelmed by large and sudden increases to traffic. The app has not been able to keep up with the traffic. A solutions architect needs to implement a solution so that the app can handle the new and varying load. Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

• Separate the API into individual AWS Lambda functions. Configure an Amazon API Gateway REST API with Lambda integration for the backend. Update the Route 53 record to point to the API Gateway API.
• Containerize the API logic. Create an Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service (Amazon EKS) cluster. Run the containers in the cluster by using Amazon EC2. Create a Kubernetes ingress. Update the Route 53 record to point to the Kubernetes ingress.
• Create an Auto Scaling group. Place all the EC2 instances in the Auto Scaling group. Configure the Auto Scaling group to perform scaling actions that are based on CPU utilization. Create an AWS Lambda function that reacts to Auto Scaling group changes and updates the Route 53 record.
• Create an Application Load Balancer (ALB) in front of the API. Move the EC2 instances to private subnets in the VPC. Add the EC2 instances as targets for the ALB. Update the Route 53 record to point to the ALB.

Answer explanation

運用負荷が一番低いものを選ぶ(開発/移行工数ではない)

A company has created an OU in AWS Organizations for each of its engineering teams. Each OU owns multiple AWS accounts. The organization has hundreds of AWS accounts. A solutions architect must design a solution so that each OU can view a breakdown of usage costs across its AWS accounts. Which solution meets these requirements?

• Create an AWS Cost and Usage Report (CUR) for each OU by using AWS Resource Access Manager. Allow each team to visualize the CUR through an Amazon QuickSight dashboard.
• Create an AWS Cost and Usage Report (CUR) from the AWS Organizations management account. Allow each team to visualize the CUR through an Amazon QuickSight dashboard.
• Create an AWS Cost and Usage Report (CUR) in each AWS Organizations member account. Allow each team to visualize the CUR through an Amazon QuickSight dashboard.
• Create an AWS Cost and Usage Report (CUR) by using AWS Systems Manager. Allow each team to visualize the CUR through Systems Manager OpsCenter dashboards.

Answer explanation

Systems Manager OpsCenter/AWS Resource Access Managerはコスト管理不可

A company is storing data on premises on a Windows file server. The company produces 5 GB of new data daily. The company migrated part of its Windows-based workload to AWS and needs the data to be available on a file system in the cloud. The company already has established an AWS Direct Connect connection between the on-premises network and AWS. Which data migration strategy should the company use?

• Use the file gateway option in AWS Storage Gateway to replace the existing Windows file server, and point the existing file share to the new file gateway.
• Use AWS DataSync to schedule a daily task to replicate data between the on-premises Windows file server and Amazon FSx.
• Use AWS Data Pipeline to schedule a daily task to replicate data between the on-premises Windows file server and Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EFS).
• Use AWS DataSync to schedule a daily task to replicate data between the on-premises Windows file server and Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EFS).

Answer explanation

EFSはNFS。AWS DataSyncはS3経由せずSMB→FSx間移行可能

A company’s solutions architect is reviewing a web application that runs on AWS. The application references static assets in an Amazon S3 bucket in the us-east-1 Region. The company needs resiliency across multiple AWS Regions. The company already has created an S3 bucket in a second Region. Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

• Configure the application to write each object to both S3 buckets. Set up an Amazon Route 53 public hosted zone with a record set by using a weighted routing policy for each S3 bucket. Configure the application to reference the objects by using the Route 53 DNS name.
• Create an AWS Lambda function to copy objects from the S3 bucket in us-east-1 to the S3 bucket in the second Region. Invoke the Lambda function each time an object is written to the S3 bucket in us-east-1. Set up an Amazon CloudFront distribution with an origin group that contains the two S3 buckets as origins.
• Configure replication on the S3 bucket in us-east-1 to replicate objects to the S3 bucket in the second Region. Set up an Amazon CloudFront distribution with an origin group that contains the two S3 buckets as origins.
• Configure replication on the S3 bucket in us-east-1 to replicate objects to the S3 bucket in the second Region. If failover is required, update the application code to load S3 objects from the S3 bucket in the second Region.

Answer explanation

Cloudfrontのマルチオリジンは自動切替可能

A company is hosting a three-tier web application in an on-premises environment. Due to a recent surge in traffic that resulted in downtime and a significant financial impact, company management has ordered that the application be moved to AWS. The application is written in .NET and has a dependency on a MySQL database. A solutions architect must design a scalable and highly available solution to meet the demand of 200,000 daily users. Which steps should the solutions architect take to design an appropriate solution?

• Use AWS Elastic Beanstalk to create a new application with a web server environment and an Amazon RDS MySQL Multi-AZ DB instance. The environment should launch a Network Load Balancer (NLB) in front of an Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling group in multiple Availability Zones. Use an Amazon Route 53 alias record to route traffic from the company’s domain to the NLB.
• Use AWS CloudFormation to launch a stack containing an Application Load Balancer (ALB) in front of an Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling group spanning three Availability Zones. The stack should launch a Multi-AZ deployment of an Amazon Aurora MySQL DB cluster with a Retain deletion policy. Use an Amazon Route 53 alias record to route traffic from the company’s domain to the ALB.
• Use AWS Elastic Beanstalk to create an automatically scaling web server environment that spans two separate Regions with an Application Load Balancer (ALB) in each Region. Create a Multi-AZ deployment of an Amazon Aurora MySQL DB cluster with a cross-Region read replica. Use Amazon Route 53 with a geoproximity routing policy to route traffic between the two Regions.
• Use AWS CloudFormation to launch a stack containing an Application Load Balancer (ALB) in front of an Amazon ECS cluster of Spot instances spanning three Availability Zones. The stack should launch an Amazon RDS MySQL DB instance with a Snapshot deletion policy. Use an Amazon Route 53 alias record to route traffic from the company’s domain to the ALB.

Answer explanation

AuroraDBの方が高性能、Elastic Beanstalkは複数リージョン非対応

A company is using AWS Organizations to manage multiple AWS accounts. For security purposes, the company requires the creation of an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic that enables integration with a third-party alerting system in all the Organizations member accounts. A solutions architect used an AWS CloudFormation template to create the SNS topic and stack sets to automate the deployment of CloudFormation stacks. Trusted access has been enabled in Organizations. What should the solutions architect do to deploy the CloudFormation StackSets in all AWS accounts?

• Create a stack set in the Organizations member accounts. Use service-managed permissions. Set deployment options to deploy to an organization. Use CloudFormation StackSets drift detection.
• Create stacks in the Organizations member accounts. Use self-service permissions. Set deployment options to deploy to an organization. Enable the CloudFormation StackSets automatic deployment.
• Create a stack set in the Organizations management account. Use service-managed permissions. Set deployment options to deploy to the organization. Enable CloudFormation StackSets automatic deployment.
• Create stacks in the Organizations management account. Use service-managed permissions. Set deployment options to deploy to the organization. Enable CloudFormation StackSets drift detection.

A company is hosting an image-processing service on AWS in a VPC. The VPC extends across two Availability Zones. Each Availability Zone contains one public subnet and one private subnet. The service runs on Amazon EC2 instances in the private subnets. An Application Load Balancer in the public subnets is in front of the service. The service needs to communicate with the internet and does so through two NAT gateways. The service uses Amazon S3 for image storage. The EC2 instances retrieve approximately 1 ТВ of data from an S3 bucket each day. The company has promoted the service as highly secure. A solutions architect must reduce cloud expenditures as much as possible without compromising the service’s security posture or increasing the time spent on ongoing operations. Which solution will meet these requirements?

• Replace the NAT gateways with NAT instances. In the VPC route table, create a route from the private subnets to the NAT instances.
• Move the EC2 instances to the public subnets. Remove the NAT gateways.
• Set up an S3 gateway VPC endpoint in the VPAttach an endpoint policy to the endpoint to allow the required actions on the S3 bucket.
• Attach an Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EFS) volume to the EC2 instances. Host the images on the EFS volume.

Answer explanation

セキュリティとコスト検討が必要

A company recently deployed an application on AWS. The application uses Amazon DynamoDB. The company measured the application load and configured the RCUs and WCUs on the DynamoDB table to match the expected peak load. The peak load occurs once a week for a 4-hour period and is double the average load. The application load is close to the average load for the rest of the week. The access pattern includes many more writes to the table than reads of the table.

• Use AWS Application Auto Scaling to increase capacity during the peak period. Purchase reserved RCUs and WCUs to match the average load.
• Configure on-demand capacity mode for the table.
• Configure DynamoDB Accelerator (DAX) in front of the table. Reduce the provisioned read capacity to match the new peak load on the table.
• Configure DynamoDB Accelerator (DAX) in front of the table. Configure on-demand capacity mode for the table.

Answer explanation

DAXはインメモリキャッシュで読取高速化用