Chapter 19- Earthquakes

Tension is ____

• Pulling away from each other <—- —->

• Pushing against each other —-><—-

• Going against each other ||

• Before Stress

Compression is ______

• Before Stress

• Going against each other ||

• Pushing towards each other —-><—-

• Pulling away from each other <—- —->

Shearing is _____

• Pushing towards each other —-><—-

• Before Stress

• Going against each other ||

• Pulling away from each other <—- —->

Strain is the response to deformation in these two ways:

• Reverse fault & Normal fault

• Normal Fault & Strike-slip fault

• P-waves & S-waves

• Elastic Deformation & Plastic Deformation

Elastic Deformation is-

• Material is strained so much it is permanently changed and will eventually rupture or fail… that is the point when rocks break and the earthquake happens

• Material is compressed, bent, or stretched… like pulling gently on a rubber band and then it goes back to its original shape

• The point on the surface of the earth directly above us he focus where the earthquake occurred

• The spot inside the earth where the rocks break and fail causing the earthquake

Plastic Deformation is

• Material is compressed, bent, or stretched… like pulling gently on a rubber band and then it goes back to its original shape

• Material is strained so much it is permanently changed and will eventually rupture or fail… that is the point when rocks break and the earth quake happens

• The point on the surface of the earth that is directly above the focus where the earthquake occurred

• The spot inside the earth where the rocks break and fail causing the earthquake

What are the types of faults

• reverse fault, normal fault, strike-slip fault

• p-waves fault, s-waves fault

• l-waves fault, epicenter fault

• focus fault, p-waves fault, s-waves fault, l-waves fault

A reverse fault is

• Tension causes pulling

• Compression squeezing

• Side to side motion

• Surface waves

What is a normal fault

• Side to side motion

• Tension causes pulling

• compression squeezing

• Surface waves

What is strike-slip fault

• Surface waves

• Tension causes pulling

• Compression squeezing

• Side to side motion