Unit 2 - Vocabulary Review

What is the basic unit of structure and function in living things?

• Chromoplast

• Cell

• Cytoplasm

• Centriole

Which process is characterized by the movement of material across a cell membrane against a concentration difference?

• Diffusion

• Osmosis

• Active transport

• Facilitated diffusion

What is the cell structure that collects extra water from the cytoplasm and then expels it from the cell?

• Mitochondria

• Contractile vacuole

• Cilia

• Lipid bilayer

What is the term for a cell that contains a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles?

• Prokaryotic

• Eukaryotic

• Hypertonic

• Isotonic

What is the name of the organelle found in plant and algae cells where photosynthesis occurs?

• Mitochondria

• Chloroplast

• Ribosome

• Golgi apparatus

What is the double-layered sheet that forms the core of nearly all cell membranes?

• Cell wall

• Cytoplasm

• Lipid bilayer

• Chromatin

Which organelle supplies cells with the energy they need to move and grow by breaking down nutrients?

• Ribosome

• Chloroplast

• Nucleus

• Mitochondria

What is the function of the nuclear envelope?

• It is a temporary, foot-like extension of a cell used for locomotion or engulfing food.

• It is a small ring of DNA that carries accessory genes separate from those of the bacterial chromosome.

• It is a layer of two membranes that surrounds the nucleus of a cell.

• It is the pressure that water molecules exert against the cell wall.

What is osmosis?

• Movement in response to light.

• Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane.

• A group of similar cells that perform the same function.

• A liquid substance capable of dissolving other substances.

Which organelle is responsible for protein synthesis?

• Vacuole

• Ribosome

• Plasmid

• Prokaryote