Unit 1 - Vocabulary Review

What is a monomer?

(examples - nucleotides & amino acids)

• A large compound formed from combinations of many monomers.

• Two or more molecules with the same chemical formula but different molecular structures.

• The most abundant group of organic compounds on earth.

• A small unit that can join together with other small units to form polymers.

What are polymers?

(examples include DNA & proteins)

• Single sugar molecules that typically contain from three to seven carbon atoms.

• Large compounds formed from combinations of many monomers.

• Small units that can join together with other small units to form polymers.

• The most abundant group of organic compounds on earth.

What is a carbohydrate?

• A small unit that can join together with other small units to form polymers.

• Two or more molecules with the same chemical formula but different molecular structures.

• Energy-packed compounds that consist of carbon, hydrogen, and

  oxygen with a basic formula of CH₂O.

• Large compounds formed from combinations of many monomers.

What is a monosaccharide?

• A large compound formed from combinations of many monomers.

• Two or more molecules with the same chemical formula but different molecular structures.

• The most abundant group of organic compounds on earth.

• Simple sugars consisting of three (3) to seven (7) carbon atoms.

  The most common is glucose.

What is a disaccharide?

• A monosaccharide that can be hydrolyzed into two other monosaccharides.

• A storage form of carbohydrate found in animals.

• A carbohydrate combined with a lipid.

• A carbohydrate that cannot be hydrolyzed.

What is glycogen?

• The main storage carbohydrate of plants.

• A carbohydrate combined with a protein.

• The main storage carbohydrate of animals.

• A carbohydrate combined with a lipid.

What is the typical form of carbohydrate used for energy storage in plants?

• Glycogen

• Starch

• Cellulose

• Lipid

What is a chemical reaction?

• A process that stores energy in plants.

• A macromolecule needed by the body for growth.

• A process that changes one set of chemicals into another set of chemicals.

• An element or compound that enters into a chemical reaction.

What is a reactant?

• A process that changes one set of chemicals into another set of chemicals.

• The main storage carbohydrate of animals.

• An element or compound that enters into a chemical reaction.

• A carbohydrate combined with a protein.

What is a nucleic acid?

• Protein that acts like a chemical catalyst.

• Element or compound produced by a chemical reaction.

• Macromolecule containing hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, and phosphorus.

• Compound with an amino group on one end and a carboxyl group on the other end.