cause effect text structure

What is the main purpose of using cause and effect in a text?

• To describe a person or place

• To explain reasons why something happened or the effects of something

• To tell a story

• To argue a point of view

Which text structures are cause and effect commonly used in?

• Expository (informational writing) and persuasive writing

• Narrative and descriptive writing

• Fiction and non-fiction

• Poetry and drama

How can paragraphs structured as cause and effect be ordered?

• Chronologically

• Alphabetically

• By importance

• As causes and effects or as effects and then causes

What does cause and effect explain in a text?

• Reasons why something happened or the effects of something

• The setting of the story

• The sequence of events

• The characters in the story

The Water Cycle You can’t see it, but the water cycle is always in motion on the earth. This series of events goes round and round, again and again, providing clean, fresh water for the land and seas. As water goes through this cycle, it is sometimes solid ice, sometimes liquid water, and sometimes a gas called water vapor. The energy that drives the water cycle is heat. When heat is added to ice, the ice melts into water. When heat is added to water, the water evaporates, turning from liquid into gas. When heat is taken away from water vapor, the vapor condenses, turning from gas into liquid. When heat is taken away from water, the water freezes, turning from liquid to solid. The heat from the sun warms the water in oceans and rivers. The water changes into water vapor that rises into the air. High above the earth, the water vapor cools and becomes tiny particles of water that create clouds. As the clouds gather more and more particles of water, the water falls as rain or snow, which are two forms of precipitation. This precipitation is absorbed into the ground or is added to the water in oceans, lakes, and rivers. The cycle is always, constantly, in process, everywhere in the world.

Because heat is added to water, what is the effect?

• The liquid freezes to ice.

• The vapor goes from gas to liquid.

• The ice melts into water.

• The water evaporates.

The Water Cycle You can’t see it, but the water cycle is always in motion on the earth. This series of events goes round and round, again and again, providing clean, fresh water for the land and seas. As water goes through this cycle, it is sometimes solid ice, sometimes liquid water, and sometimes a gas called water vapor. The energy that drives the water cycle is heat. When heat is added to ice, the ice melts into water. When heat is added to water, the water evaporates, turning from liquid into gas. When heat is taken away from water vapor, the vapor condenses, turning from gas into liquid. When heat is taken away from water, the water freezes, turning from liquid to solid. The heat from the sun warms the water in oceans and rivers. The water changes into water vapor that rises into the air. High above the earth, the water vapor cools and becomes tiny particles of water that create clouds. As the clouds gather more and more particles of water, the water falls as rain or snow, which are two forms of precipitation. This precipitation is absorbed into the ground or is added to the water in oceans, lakes, and rivers. The cycle is always, constantly, in process, everywhere in the world.

What causes the water to freeze?

• Heat is taken away.

• The vapor goes from gas to liquid.

• Liquid to vapor.

• Heat is added.

Match the cause and the effect

• I covered my nose and tried not to gag.

• It was so chilly outside.

• I got my hat, gloves, scarf, and coat.

• Our puppy had an accident.

• The storm knocked out our power.

• I've learned a lot.

• I actively listen in class.

• We built a fire in our fireplace.