EKG PEARLS FOUNDATION EXAM 3

RL lead can be placed anywhere on the body

• TRUE

• FALSE

Axis refers to the mean QRS axis (or vector) during ventricular depolarization

• True

• False

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS3-5

When the ventricles depolarize (in a normal heart) the direction of current flows ?

• flows downward and leftward

• flows downward and rightward

Answer explanation

An abnormal axis: pulmonary hypertension, pulmonary embolus, previous MI, cardiomyopathy

ECG AXIS

• RIGHT AXIS DEVIATION

• QRS axis between -30 and -90

• SUPERIOR FAR RIGHT AXIS DEVIATION

• QRS axis lies between -30 and +90

• NORMAL

• QRS axis between  +90 and +150

• LEFT AXIS DEVIATION

• QRS axis between  +150 and -90

Answer explanation

The QRS axis is determined by overlaying a circle, in the frontal plane.

Causes of Right axis devation ​​ (a)   ​ (b)   ​ (c)   ​ (d)   ​ (e)  

• right ventricular hypertrophy
• lateral wall MI
• RIGHT BBB
• PULM HTN
• VERTICAL HEART AND PE
• LEFT VENT. HYPERTROPHY
• INFERIOR WALL MI
• LEFT BBB AND LAD BLOCKAGE (LEFT ANTERIOR FASC)
• HORIZONTAL HEART

Answer explanation

Causes of left axis deviation include:

*Left ventricular hypertrophy

*Inferior wall MI

*Left bundle branch block

*Left anterior fascicular block (LAD blockage)

*Horizontal heart

What is the quickest way to determine QRS axis is to look at?

• QRS complexes in leads I and II (or aVF)

• QRS complexes in leads I and II (or aVL)

Answer explanation

What axis is this ?

• normal

• left deviation

• right deviation

Answer explanation

What axis ?

• normal

• left axis deviation

• right axis deviation

What axis?

• normal

• left axis deviation

• right axis deviation

Answer explanation

Match the following

• II,III,AVF

• LATERAL/CIRCUMFLEX

• V1,V2

• ANTERIOR /LAD/DIAGONAL

• V3,V4

• SEPTAL/LAD/SEPTUM

• I,AVL,V5,V6

• INFERIOR /RCA