Quiz on Visual Development Anomalies

What aspect of visual acuity is covered in the learning objectives?

• Examine the changes in visual acuity in elderly individuals

• Examine the impact of digital screens on visual acuity

• Examine the changes in visual acuity in early childhood

• Examine the role of eyewear in improving visual acuity

What factors contribute to the refractive power of the eye?

• Corneal curvature, lens thickness, lens curvature, eye axial length

• Corneal thickness, lens color, eye diameter, pupil size

• Iris color, corneal diameter, lens size, eye axial width

• Retinal curvature, lens density, corneal size, pupil axial length

How is the distribution of refractive error at birth described?

• Skewed to myopia

• Skewed to hypermetropia

• Skewed to astigmatism

• Uniform distribution

When does the majority of the change in refractive error occur in children?

• Between birth and 2 years

• Between 2 and 4 years

• Between 4 and 6 years

• After 6 years

How does the refractive error curve shift in early childhood?

• From emmetropia towards hypermetropia

• From myopia towards hypermetropia

• From hypermetropia towards emmetropia

• From hypermetropia towards myopia

What does the loss of normal distribution in emmetropisation suggest according to the slide?

• It is a passive process.

• It is a natural variation of ametropia.

• It is an active process.

• It is a random occurrence.

According to Saunders et al., 1995, how does the initial refractive error affect the emmetropisation process?

• The greater the initial refractive error, the slower the emmetropisation process occurs.

• The initial refractive error has no effect on the emmetropisation process.

• The greater the initial refractive error, the faster the emmetropisation process occurs.

• The lesser the initial refractive error, the faster the emmetropisation process occurs.

What type of lenses were used in the experiment to induce ametropia in chicks according to Irvin et al., 1992?

• +5DS and -5DS

• +10DS and -10DS

• +20DS and -20DS

• +15DS and -15DS

How long after birth was the process shown to work for inducing ametropia in chicks?

• 2 days

• 4 days

• 6 days

• 8 days

Which is considered a higher risk factor for the development of myopia in children?

• Having a Rx of <+0.75DS at age 6

• Having a Rx of <+1.00DS at age 6

• Having myopic grandparents

• Having one myopic parent