Genetics in Biology

What is a gene?

• A gene is a type of protein

• A gene is a type of virus

• A gene is a sequence of DNA that contains the instructions for building a specific protein or RNA molecule.

• A gene is a type of cell

Explain the difference between genotype and phenotype.

• Genotype and phenotype are the same thing

• Genotype is only relevant in plants, while phenotype is only relevant in animals

• Genotype refers to physical characteristics, while phenotype refers to genetic makeup

• Genotype is the genetic makeup, while phenotype is the physical characteristics.

What is a Punnett square used for in genetics?

• It is used to determine the gender of an individual

• It is used to analyze the evolutionary history of a species

• It is used to calculate the speed of genetic mutations

• It is used to predict the possible genotypes and phenotypes of offspring.

Describe the process of DNA replication.

• DNA replication is the process by which a DNA molecule is copied to produce two identical DNA molecules.

• DNA replication is the process of creating RNA molecules.

• DNA replication involves the synthesis of proteins.

• DNA replication results in the production of non-identical DNA molecules.

What is a dominant allele?

• A dominant allele is a gene that is only present in females.

• A dominant allele is a gene that is always expressed in an individual.

• A dominant allele is a variation of a gene that will produce a certain phenotype, even if only one copy is present in the genotype.

• A dominant allele is a gene that is always masked by a recessive allele.

Explain the concept of genetic variation.

• Genetic variation is the diversity in DNA sequences among individuals within a population.

• Genetic variation is the same in all individuals within a population.

• Genetic variation is caused by environmental factors only.

• Genetic variation does not impact the traits of individuals.

What is a recessive allele?

• An allele that is only expressed in homozygotes

• An allele that is expressed in heterozygotes

• An allele that is not inherited

• An allele that is always dominant

Discuss the role of mutations in genetic disorders.

• Mutations play a crucial role in the development of genetic disorders by altering gene function and protein production.

• Mutations always result in beneficial changes

• Genetic disorders are caused solely by environmental factors

• Mutations have no impact on genetic disorders

What is the difference between homozygous and heterozygous?

• The main difference between homozygous and heterozygous is the presence of identical alleles in homozygous and different alleles in heterozygous.

• Homozygous is only found in plants, while heterozygous is only found in animals.

• Homozygous and heterozygous refer to the same genetic makeup.

• Homozygous has two different alleles, while heterozygous has two identical alleles.

Explain the significance of Gregor Mendel's experiments in genetics.

• Mendel's experiments were conducted in a non-scientific manner, leading to inaccurate results.

• Mendel's experiments in genetics were significant because they established the basic principles of heredity and laid the groundwork for the field of genetics.

• Mendel's experiments were focused on astrology rather than genetics.

• Mendel's experiments were insignificant because they did not contribute anything new to the field of genetics.