Built-environment-life-cycle

What is the purpose of surveying land before a project can start?

• To determine the topography of the area

• To finalize the project budget

• To hire construction workers

• To select construction materials

Answer explanation

Surveying land is essential to determine the topography of the area, which influences design, drainage, and construction methods. This information is crucial before any project can commence.

Which of the following can affect compass readings in chain surveying?

• Proximity to water bodies

• The presence of iron or power lines

• The weather conditions

• The time of the day

Answer explanation

The presence of iron or power lines can distort magnetic fields, leading to inaccurate compass readings in chain surveying. Other factors like water bodies, weather, and time of day have minimal impact on compass accuracy.

What do ordnance survey benchmarks reference to?

• The highest point in the area

• The sea level from Newlyn in Cornwall

• The center of the Earth

• The nearest city's main square

Answer explanation

Ordnance Survey benchmarks are reference points used in surveying, specifically tied to the sea level from Newlyn in Cornwall, which serves as a standard for elevation measurements across the UK.

What is the main use of a theodolite in surveying?

• Measuring distances between two points

• Measuring angles both vertically and horizontally

• Determining the weight of objects on site

• Calculating the depth of foundations

Answer explanation

The main use of a theodolite in surveying is measuring angles both vertically and horizontally. This precision in angle measurement is crucial for accurate surveying and mapping.

What does an automatic level use to provide accurate readings?

• A swinging prism that levels itself

• A manual adjustment knob

• A laser beam

• A GPS signal

Answer explanation

An automatic level uses a swinging prism that levels itself to provide accurate readings. This mechanism ensures precision in measurements, unlike manual adjustments or other methods like lasers or GPS.

What is the advantage of using laser scanners in construction?

• They can measure temperature variations

• They can create a three-dimensional model for virtual walkthroughs

• They can detect underground water sources

• They can automatically build structures

Answer explanation

The advantage of using laser scanners in construction is that they can create a three-dimensional model for virtual walkthroughs, allowing for better visualization and planning of projects.

Which of the following is a source of pollution from a building site that needs to be managed?

• Noise from the construction workers

• Contaminated water running off-site into water sources

• Bright lights used during construction

• The color of the building materials

Answer explanation

Contaminated water running off-site poses a significant environmental risk, as it can pollute local water sources. Managing this pollution source is crucial for protecting ecosystems and public health.

What is the purpose of the 'Polluter pays policy' according to the Environmental Damage (Prevention and Remediation) Regulations 2009?

• To ensure that those who produce pollution are responsible for managing and reducing it.

• To provide tax benefits to companies that reduce their carbon footprint.

• To allow companies to pollute as long as they pay fines.

• To encourage the use of renewable energy sources by polluters.

Answer explanation

The 'Polluter pays policy' aims to hold polluters accountable for their actions, ensuring they manage and reduce pollution rather than simply paying fines or receiving benefits.

Which of the following is NOT listed as a protected species in the document?

• Grass snake

• Common lizard

• Red squirrel

• Great newt

Answer explanation

The red squirrel is not listed as a protected species in the document, while the grass snake, common lizard, and great newt are all included as protected species.

What is one of the precautionary measures to reduce environmental impact during demolition?

Answer explanation

One precautionary measure to reduce environmental impact during demolition is to conduct an environmental assessment. This helps identify hazardous materials and plan for their safe removal, minimizing pollution and waste.