Unit 4.2 Rocks Vocabulary

During a hike, you come across a riverbed filled with sedimentary rocks. What are these sedimentary rocks primarily composed of?

• Large rocks found in mountains

• Small pieces of rock, soil, and other materials that have settled at the bottom of rivers, lakes, and oceans.

• A type of plant found in water

• A type of fish

What is weathering?

• The process that breaks down rocks into smaller pieces due to wind, water, and temperature changes.

• The movement of sediments from one place to another

• The formation of new rocks

• The melting of ice

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When you walk along a beach, you often see sedimentary rocks made of sand and pebbles. Are these rocks made of broken pieces of other rocks? True or False?

• True

• False

What type of clastic rock is made of big rounded pieces of different rocks and minerals stuck together?

• Conglomerate

• Sandstone

• Shale

• Limestone

A type of clastic rock made of sharp, broken pieces of rock that fit together tightly is called what?

• The type of clastic rock is called "conglomerate".

• The type of clastic rock is called "breccia".

• The type of clastic rock is called "sandstone".

• The type of clastic rock is called "shale".

During a geology field trip, a student finds a rock that is made mostly of sand-sized particles cemented together. Is this rock likely a type of sedimentary rock? True or False?

• True

• False

Match the following rock types with their formation processes.

• Formed from compacted clay and silt

• Metamorphic rock

• Formed under heat and pressure

• Sedimentary rock

• Formed from cooled magma or lava

• Igneous rock

• Formed from volcanic activity

• Volcanic rock

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Cementation is a process in which:

• sediments are compacted and bound together to form rock

• rocks are melted and reformed

• minerals are dissolved in water

• fossils are formed

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Re-write the word 'sediments' and write its definition.

• Sediments are particles of rock and soil that are carried by water, wind, or ice and deposited elsewhere.

• Sediments are a type of plant found in aquatic environments.

• Sediments refer to the gaseous layer surrounding the Earth.

• Sediments are a type of animal that lives in the ocean.

What is the definition of the word 'deposition'?

• The process of eroding or wearing away.

• The act of removing someone from office.

• The process of depositing material, such as sediment.

• The act of creating a new law or regulation.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-2