Chp. 19 Review Sheet

1. For Europeans, the desire to grow ​ (a)   and spread ​ (b)   , coupled with advances in sailing technology, spurred the age of European ​ (c)   .  

• Rich
• Christianity
• exploration
• Trade
• Colonization
• Innovation
• Conquest
• Expansion

1. The desire for new sources of ________________ was the main reason for Europe’s exploration. 

1. Europeans wanted to find trade routes to ​ (a)   so that they could buy/trade goods like ​ (b)   and other luxury goods and bring them back to Europe to make a big profit.  The spices the Europeans wanted were nutmeg, ginger, cinnamon, and ​ (c)   to add flavor to the ​ (d)   foods in Europe.

• Asia
• spices
• pepper
• bland
• Africa
• silk
• sugar
• spicy
• North America

1. While “God, Glory & Gold” were the primary motives for exploration…they were able to start exploring with the advances in ​ (a)   .  Early European ships were not able to make the long voyages across the ocean.  In the 1400s shipbuilders designed a new vessel called a ​ (b)   that was a sturdier ship. Europeans also used ​ (c)   sails that allowed them to sail into the wind.  They also used an ​ (d)   , which is a brass circle  with adjustable rings marked off with degrees….these could be used with the stars so the captain knew where the ship was.  

• technology
• caravel
• triangular
• astrolabe
• compass
• quadrilateral
• square
• navigation

The Portuguese believe they needed to sail around the tip of ​ (a)   in order to reach Asia. The Portuguese captain ​ (b)   was the first to reach the tip of Africa…due to a bad ​ (c)   they were forced to head back home. The Next Portuguese explorer ​ (d)   rounded the African coast and reached the coast of ​ India .  There in India he was amazed at the spices, rare silks and precious ​ (e)   that filled the shops there. 

• Africa
• Bartolomeu Dias
• storm
• Vasco da Gama
• gems
• Europe
• Christopher Columbus
• fog
• Amerigo Vespucci
• gold

1. While the Portuguese were establishing trading posts along the west coast of ​ (a)   , Spain watched with ​ (b)   . In the year ​ (c)   an Italian sea captain named ​ (d)   convinced Spain to finance a bold plan….to find a trade route to Asia by sailing ​ (e)   across the Atlantic. 

• Africa
• envy
• 1492
• Christopher Columbus
• West
• Asia
• greed
• 1500
• Amerigo Vespucci
• East

1. In October, Columbus reached an island in the ​ (a)   but he thought he had reached the East ​ (b)   .  This voyage did open up the way for European ​ (c)   of the Americas.

• Caribbean
• Indies
• colonization
• Pacific Ocean
• Atlantic Ocean
• Indian Ocean
• Control

1. The Portuguese also thought Columbus had reached Asia (he didn’t) and they thought Columbus had claimed lands for Spain that the Portuguese had reached first (they didn’t).  This mistake started a ​ (a)   between Spain and Portugal.  The Pope had to step in to keep the peace between the two European nations and eventually both sides would sign the Treaty of ​ (b)   which created an imaginary line running North and South in the ​ (c)   giving the land to the West to Spain and the land to the East to Portugal.  

• rivalry
• Tordesillas
• Atlantic
• Versaille
• Pacific

The ​ (a)   aka the “Dutch” became the leading sea power in the 1600s, they had ​ (b)   thousand ships. The Dutch were able to over power the Portuguese and now the Dutch were battling the English for dominance of the seas.  The  Dutch and the English each created what was called an ​ (c)   Company to direct trade with Asia.  The ​ (d)   East India company was richer and more powerful than England’s company…thus the Dutch eventually took over. 

• Netherlands
• 20
• East India
• Dutch
• Spain
• France
• Germany
• Italy
• 40

1. By the time the Portuguese ships were arriving off the coast of China, the Chinese had just driven out the ​ (a)   and were starting the ​ (b)   Dynasty. During the Ming Dynasty, China was a dominant power in ​ (c)   .  In recognition of China's strength, lesser states would pay them ​ (d)   to acknowledge their submission to China.

• Mongols
• Ming
• Asia
• tribute
• Romans
• Qin
• Europe
• Persia