Enlightenment and Revolutions

"I am the state."-Louis XIV, King of France

Which of the following would most likely agree with the form of government supported by Louis XIV?

• Jean-Jacques Rousseau

• Baron de Montesquieu

• Thomas Hobbes

• John Locke

A major concept promoted by philosophers of the Enlightenment was the need for

• a return to traditional medieval ideas

• the use of reason for rational and logical thinking

• overseas expansion by western European nations

• strengthening the power of the organized religions

Which statement reflects an argument of Enlightenment philosophers against the belief in the divine right of kings?

• God has chosen all government rulers

• independence is built by military might

• a capitalist economic system is necessary for democracy

• the power of the government is derived from the governed

During the Scientific Revolution and the Enlightenment, many scientists and philosophers works:

• relied heavily on the ideas of medieval thinkers

• favored an absolute monarchy as a way of improving economic conditions

• received support from the Catholic Church

• examined natural laws governing the universe

The English Bill of Rights of 1689 clearly:

• allows Englishmen the freedom of speech and religion

• limits royal power and ends absolutism in England

• promises to end further colonization attempts in the New World

• Sets up a government framework for the English people

The image represents:

• the first public execution of a king

• the beheading of Oliver Cromwell

• the torture used during the Spanish Inquisition

• the beheading of the Pope

The goal of the Enlightenment writers was to

• uphold the divine right theory

• limit the government from interfering with the rights of the people.

• increase support for European military conquests

• support the European monarchs

Voltaire was a philosopher who defended

• the practice of slavery

• the nobility

• freedom of speech

• the free market

"Man is born free and everywhere he is in chains"

The statement above illustrating the Social Contract was stated by:

• Jean-Jacques Rousseau

• Rene Descartes

• Voltaire

• Mary Wollstonecraft

Which leader had a significant role in the changes shown on the map?

• Eva Peron

• Che Guevara

• Giuseppe Garibaldi

• Simon Bolivar