Midterm Review #3

The overall roles of DNA and RNA are illustrated.

Which process is represented at Point 3?

• transcription

• replication

• translation

• mutation

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

Which mRNA sequence does the DNA sequence ACTCG produce during transcription?

• TGACG

• UGAGC

• ACTCG

• ACUCG

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

How is the DNA sequence AATTA replicated in a new strand during semiconservative replication?

• AATTA

• AATAA

• TTATT

• TTAAT

Four types of cells from a parent organism are shown in the table.

All four cells are exposed to radiation that changes the DNA in the parent cells. Which of the parent cells can transmit the changed DNA to the offspring?

• Egg Cell

• Smooth Muscle Cell

• Brain Cell

• Red Blood Cell

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

Every copy of a particular protein manufactured by a cell shows the same incorrect amino acid at the same point in its structure. According to the central dogma of molecular biology, in which structure does this error originate?

• DNA

• mRNA

• tRNA

• rRNA

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

The table shows a few messenger RNA codons.

Which point mutation would result in the formation of a new protein?

• UGU to UGC

• UAA to UAG

• UUU to UUA

• UCA to UCG

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Sickle cell anemia is a condition that affects the shape of a person’s red blood cells. Normal red blood cells are round, but the red blood cells of a person with sickle cell anemia are shaped like crescent moons.

Sickle cell anemia is passed from parent to offspring. How did a change from the normal red blood cell shape most likely originate?

• from a parasitic infection

• from excessive exposure to sunlight

• from prolonged exposure to chemicals

• from a mutation in the DNA of a gene

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

NGSS.HS-LS4-2

Which molecules are joined together to make proteins?

• fatty acids

• acetic acids

• nucleic acids

• amino acids

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NGSS.HS-LS1-6

Which nucleic acid is correctly paired with its function?

• mRNA: moves genetic information from the nucleus to the ribosome

• DNA: forms peptide bonds between amino acids

• mRNA: lines up amino acids at the ribosome

• tRNA: moves genetic information from the nucleus to the ribosome

Which best explains why the rate of a biochemical reaction decreases at high temperatures?

• The shape of the enzyme changes.

• The activation energy increases.

• The bonds between substrates are broken.

• The type of enzyme changes

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-5