AP Biology Unit 6 Review

What is the function of DNA?

• It provides instructions for assembling amino acids into a polypeptide chain.

• It combines with proteins to form ribosomes.

• It contains hereditary information (genes).

• It delivers amino acids to a ribosome for their addition into a growing polypeptide chain.

Which sugar is found in the nucleotide components of DNA?

• Ribose

• Glucose

• Deoxyribose

• Fructose

What is the structure of RNA?

• Double helix

• Linear

• Globular

• Clover-leaf shaped

What is the process called when the DNA molecule is separated into two strands, each of which serves as a template to assemble a new, complementary strand?

• Transcription

• Translation

• DNA replication

• Mitosis

How is RNA different from DNA?

• RNA contains the sugar deoxyribose, while DNA contains ribose.

• RNA is double-stranded, while DNA is single-stranded.

• RNA contains uracil instead of thymine, which is found in DNA.

• RNA is used to store hereditary information, while DNA is used for protein synthesis.

What is the term used to describe the DNA replication process where each double-stranded DNA molecule consists of one old strand and one new strand?

• Conservative replication

• Dispersive replication

• Semiconservative replication

• Semi-dispersive replication

What is the function of helicase during DNA replication?

• It recombines the double-stranded DNA after replication.

• It synthesizes new DNA nucleotides.

• It unwinds the DNA helix, forming a replication fork.

• It assembles the new DNA strand in Okazaki fragments.

Which strand is synthesized continuously as the double-helix DNA uncoils?

• Lagging complementary strand

• Leading complementary strand

• RNA primer strand

• Okazaki fragment strand

What is the role of topoisomerases in DNA replication?

• They prevent the single-strand DNA from recombining.

• They initiate the replication at origins of replication.

• They break and rejoin the double helix to prevent knots and twists.

• They replace RNA primers with DNA nucleotides.

What are Okazaki fragments associated with?

• Leading strand synthesis

• Lagging strand synthesis

• RNA primer synthesis

• DNA ligase activity