11.2 - The Structure of DNA(20pts.)

A nucleotide of DNA may contain adenine, guanine, cytosine, or thymine.

What is each of these components?

• 5-Carbon Sugar

• Nitrogenous Base

• Phosphate Group

• Nucleic Acid

Answer explanation

The nitrogenous base is the component of a nucleotide of DNA that can be adenine, guanine, cytosine, or thymine.

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The experiments and data are crucial for understanding DNA ___

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What type of information does the data table contain?

• The percentages of bases found in DNA of different Organisms.

• The percentages of bases found in Proteins of different Organisms.

• The types of Organisms that have DNA.

• The percentage of sugar-phosphate in the backbone of DNA.

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Chargaff's rules of base pairing are explained by which structural feature

of DNA?

• Each strand of DNA contains a phosphate and sugar backbone.

• The nucleotides of DNA may be arranged in a wide variety of sequences.

• DNA is triple stranded, and covalent bonds between identical nucleotides

  hold the two strands together.

• DNA is double stranded, and hydrogen bonds between base pairs hold the

  two strands together.

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Which statement did Chargaff conclude based on these data?

(Note: A letter in brackets, such as [A] or [C], refers to the concentration of one of the

nitrogenous bases.)

• in DNA molecules,

  [T] > [A] > [G] > [C]

• in DNA molecules,

  [T] = [A] = [G] = [C]

• in DNA molecules,

  [T] = [A] and [G] = [C]

• in DNA molecules,

  [T] < [A] = [G] > [C]

Answer explanation

Equal numbers of A and T mean that those are equal.

[AND]

Equal numbers of C and G mean that those are equal.

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If a species has [35 percent adenine] in its DNA, what is the percentage of the other three bases?

[15% - ​ (a)   ]

​ [​ (b)   - Thymine]

[​ (c)   - Cytosine]

• 35%

• Guanine

• 15%

• Thymine

• Uracil

Answer explanation

The species has 35% adenine in its DNA, so the remaining percentages must be distributed among the other three bases. Therefore, the percentages are 35% Guanine, 15% Thymine, and the remaining percentage for Cytosine.

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Learning Target 1

Organize these options into the right categories

Groups:

(a) Adenine

,

(b) Thymine

,

(c) Guanine

,

(d) Cytosine

• Hydrogen bonds with Guanine in DNA

• Hydrogen bonds with Thymine in DNA.

• Hydrogen bonds with Adenine in DNA

• Hydrogen bonds with Cytosine in DNA

Answer explanation

A=T

C=G

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Learning Target 1

Tag the base that is bonded to Thymine.

Answer explanation

Adenine always bonds to Thymine.

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Learning Target 1

Tag the molecule that is covalently bonded to a Phosphate.

Answer explanation

Adenine always bonds to Thymine.

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Match the following Scientist to their credited Discoveries.

• Won the Nobel Prize for solving DNA.

• 
• Proved Bacteria can share DNA.

• 
• Traced viral DNA into Bacteria.

• 
• Took the now infamous Photo 51.

• 

Answer explanation

Franklin: Photo 51

Watson and Crick: Nobel Prize

Hershey - Chase: Virus

Griffith: Bacteria

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