New SSA Review Kingdoms and Domains

There are many ways to classify life on Earth. Below is a diagram of the Linnaean method of classification from the perspective of the African lion, Panthera leo.

Organisms are grouped according to traits that they share. Based on the image, which two organisms are most closely related evolutionarily?

• mushrooms and ferns

• leopards and domestic cats

• lions and bears

• foxes and raccoons

According to the modern Linnaean system, there are three domains of life: Eukarya, Bacteria, and Archaea. Which of the following is a characteristic found only in organisms in the Eukarya domain?

• The organisms have prokaryotic cells

• All of the organisms are single-celled

• Cell membranes are made of fatty acids

• Each cell has a membrane-bound nucleus

In 2017, a new bacterium called Volcanic Bacteria (Thiolava veneris) was discovered off of the Canary Islands. This was over 2 years after a volcanic eruption had killed much of the life in the area. Scientists gave the bacterium a new genus and species because it had characteristics unobserved in other types of bacteria.  Naming a new genus and species is the result of which of the following?

• an observation of a natural event

• a change in scientific knowledge

• the development of a scientific theory

• renaming something that was once extinct

Which characteristic could help the scientist in identifying the second sample as a type of bacteria?

• It is multicellular

• It has a nucleus

• It produces spores

• It is prokaryotic

The scientist observes some other organisms on the same log, including mold and yeast. Which characteristic is used to classify these organisms as fungi rather than plants?

• They are heterotrophs

• They are single celled

• They go through photosynthesis

• They are scavengers

The chart below compares features of different organisms.

Based on the chart provided, which of the organisms is a snail?

• Augustopila dominikae, because it is a eukaryote without cell walls 

• Epulopiscium fishelsoni, because it is a prokaryote with cell walls

• Thiomargarita namibiensis, because it is a prokaryote and the  smallest organism

• Wolffia globosa, because it is a eukaryote with mitochondria

A student makes a list of organisms from different kingdoms. She places each of the organisms into the columns based on their shared characteristics.

 Based on her table, the student concludes that most of the organisms on her list are unicellular and heterotrophs.

 

 Which of the following describes the student’s conclusion?

• Her conclusion is correct because two kingdoms contain heterotrophs

• Her conclusion is correct because most of the organisms are unicellular

• Her conclusion is flawed because most of the organisms are autotrophs

• Her conclusion is flawed because most of the organisms are multicellular

Which list of characteristics describes organisms classified as animals?

• Unicellular, prokaryotic, autotrophic

• Multicellular, eukaryotic, heterotrophic

• Unicellular, eukaryotic, heterotrophic

• Multicellular, eukaryotic, autotrophic

Which of the following would be considered the strongest evidence that two species are related to one another?

• Same extinction pattern

• Similar genes

• Shared taxonomy

• Common structures