Unit test

Which of the following is INCORRECT?

• The thinnest layer of Earth is the crust

• Earth's mantle is composed of molten rock.

• Earth's outer core is composed of solid iron and nickel.

• Earth's upper mantle is composed of several types of rocks and minerals called magma.

Explain the difference between weathering, erosion and deposition.

Answer explanation

Weathering occurs when water breaks down rocks and soil to create sediment.

Erosion occurs when water transports sediment from one place to another.

• Deposition (also called sedimentation) occurs when water drops sediment in a new location. For example, ocean waves can deposit sand on a beach.

In which of the following layers of Earth is the temperature highest?

• The core

• The Crust

• The mantle

• The lithosphere

Which of the following does not cause changes to Earth's crust?

• Weathering of rocks

• Volcanic eruptions

• Erosion of rocks by water

• Formation of ice crystals

What are the primary elements that make up Earth's core?

• Iron and nickel

• Iron and silicon

• Silicon and aluminum

• Silicon and magnesium

What is the term for the general process by which rocks are broken down at the Earth's surface?

• Erosion

• Deposition

• Weathering

• lithification

Which of the following affect the rate of weathering?

• the soil type and extent
  

• the rock type

• the climate

• all of these affect weathering rates

Which of the following statements about weathering is INCORECT?

• heat and heavy rainfall increase the rate of chemical weathering

• the longer a rock is exposed at the surface, the more weathered it becomes

• the presence of soil slows down the weathering of the underlying bedrock

• rocks of different compositions weather at different rates
  

Which of the processes is NOT an example of chemical weathering?

• dissolution of calcite

• rusting of a nail

• splitting of a rock along a fracture

• 
  breakdown of feldspar to form clay

Which of the following factors would increase the rate of weathering?

• increasing rainfall
  
  

• increasing organic activity

• increasing temperature

• decreasing organic activity