Science PSSA 8th Grade

Explain the process of photosynthesis and its importance in the ecosystem.

• Photosynthesis is not important in the ecosystem as it only benefits plants and not other organisms.

• Photosynthesis is only important for the production of water and does not play a role in the carbon cycle.

• The process of photosynthesis involves the release of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, contributing to global warming.

• Photosynthesis is important in the ecosystem as it is the primary source of food and oxygen production, which sustains life for plants, animals, and humans. It also plays a crucial role in the carbon cycle by removing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-5

NGSS.HS-LS2-5

Describe the structure and function of the cell membrane.

• The cell membrane is made of carbohydrates and functions to store energy

• The cell membrane is composed of DNA and functions to replicate the cell

• The cell membrane is a single layer of protein and functions to provide shape to the cell

• The cell membrane is composed of a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins. It functions to regulate the passage of substances in and out of the cell, provide structural support, and facilitate cell communication.

What is the difference between a physical change and a chemical change?

• A physical change produces new substances while a chemical change does not

• A physical change and a chemical change both do not produce new substances

• The difference between a physical change and a chemical change is that a physical change does not produce new substances, while a chemical change does produce new substances.

• A physical change and a chemical change both produce new substances

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Explain the concept of energy transfer in an ecosystem.

• Energy transfer in an ecosystem occurs through the exchange of gases between organisms

• Energy transfer in an ecosystem is solely dependent on the weather conditions

• Energy transfer in an ecosystem occurs through the consumption of organisms by other organisms, with producers capturing energy from the sun through photosynthesis and passing it on to herbivores and then to carnivores.

• Energy transfer in an ecosystem is a result of organisms communicating with each other

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-5

NGSS.HS-LS2-3

Discuss the relationship between force, mass, and acceleration according to Newton's second law of motion.

• The relationship between force and mass is given by the equation F = m/a.

• According to Newton's second law, force is directly proportional to velocity.

• The relationship between force, mass, and acceleration according to Newton's second law of motion is given by the equation F = ma.

• Acceleration is independent of both force and mass.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS2-1

What are the different types of chemical reactions and provide an example of each?

• Example of decomposition reaction: 2HgO → Hg + O2

• Example of single displacement reaction: Zn + HCl → ZnCl + H2

• 1) Example of combination reaction: 2H2 + O2 → 2H2O 2) Example of decomposition reaction: 2HgO → 2Hg + O2 3) Example of single displacement reaction: Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl2 + H2 4) Example of double displacement reaction: AgNO3 + NaCl → AgCl + NaNO3 5) Example of combustion reaction: C3H8 + 5O2 → 3CO2 + 4H2O

• Example of combination reaction: H2 + O2 → H2O

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-2

Explain the role of DNA in inheritance and genetic variation.

• DNA is not involved in inheritance or genetic variation

• DNA is only responsible for inheritance, not genetic variation

• DNA carries genetic information from one generation to the next and contributes to genetic variation through mutation, recombination, and gene flow.

• DNA only contributes to genetic variation through recombination

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

NGSS.HS-LS4-2

Discuss the impact of human activities on the environment and the concept of sustainability.

• The environment is not affected by human activities and sustainability is only important for certain species

• Human activities have negatively impacted the environment through pollution, deforestation, and overconsumption of resources. Sustainability is the idea of balancing present needs with the needs of future generations.

• Human activities have no impact on the environment and sustainability is not a relevant concept

• Human activities have positively impacted the environment and sustainability is not a valid concern

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS3-1

NGSS.HS-ESS3-4

NGSS.HS-ESS3-5

NGSS.HS-ESS3-6

Describe the process of mitosis and its significance in the growth and repair of cells.

• Mitosis is the process of cell division that allows for the growth and repair of cells by producing new, identical daughter cells.

• Mitosis is the process of cell shrinkage that has no significance in the growth and repair of cells

• Mitosis is the process of cell fusion that leads to abnormal cell growth and repair

• Mitosis is the process of cell death that hinders the growth and repair of cells

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-4

Explain the concept of natural selection and its role in the process of evolution.

• Natural selection is the mechanism by which evolution occurs, as it leads to the gradual change in the characteristics of a population over generations, resulting in the emergence of new species.

• Natural selection only occurs in controlled laboratory environments

• Natural selection always results in the strongest and fastest species surviving

• Natural selection is the process of humans selecting which species survive and which do not

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS4-2

NGSS.HS-LS4-4