Cell Signaling Mastery Quiz

What is the primary role of receptor proteins in cell signaling?

• To synthesize signal molecules

• To receive and respond to chemical signals

• To produce cellular energy

• To replicate DNA

Which of the following is NOT a type of cell surface receptor?

• G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs)

• Ion channel-linked receptors

• Steroid receptors

• Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs)

What is the main function of second messengers in cell signaling?

• To amplify the signal received by the receptor

• To deactivate the signaling pathway

• To act as the primary signal molecule

• To directly alter gene expression

Which of the following is an example of a second messenger?

• Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)

• Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)

• Glucose

• DNA

In the context of signal transduction, what is a kinase?

• An enzyme that adds phosphate groups to proteins

• A molecule that binds to DNA to initiate transcription

• A type of receptor on the cell surface

• A second messenger molecule

Which of the following best describes the role of cell signaling molecules?

• They replicate DNA within the cell.

• They transport nutrients across the cell membrane.

• They carry signals from one cell to another.

• They provide energy for cellular processes.

What is the main difference between autocrine and paracrine signaling?

• Autocrine signaling involves signals between different organisms, while paracrine signaling does not.

• Autocrine signaling involves a cell targeting itself, while paracrine signaling involves targeting nearby cells.

• Paracrine signaling can occur over long distances, while autocrine signaling cannot.

• Paracrine signaling involves hormones, while autocrine signaling does not.

Which of the following pathways is directly activated by a G protein-coupled receptor?

• The MAP kinase pathway

• The phosphoinositide 3-kinase pathway

• The cyclic AMP pathway

• The JAK-STAT pathway

What is the role of phosphatases in signal transduction pathways?

• To amplify the signal by adding phosphate groups

• To terminate the signal by removing phosphate groups

• To transport the signal to the nucleus

• To bind to DNA and initiate transcription

Which of the following molecules can act as a cell signaling molecule?

• Oxygen

• Steroid hormones

• DNA

• Ribosomes