Chapters 7-8 Review

Pick the statements below that pertain to RNA polymerase

• • catalyzes addition of ribonucleotides

• • catalyzes addition of deoxyribonucleotides

• requires an RNA primer

• does not need a primer

What do transcription factors do?

• help turn specific genes "on" or "off" by binding to nearby DNA

• • assemble at promoter before polymerase can begin transcription

• can increase or decrease the rate of transcription

• all of the above

Pick all of the statements that pertain to the TATA-binding protein.

• 1. causes local distortion in DNA

• 1. necessary for assembly of others proteins to promoter

• Is part of TFIID

• Is part of TFIIH

Why does RNA processing occur?

• To decrease the stability of the RNA transcript

• To decrease the efficiency of protein translation
• To prevent the RNA from being transcribed into DNA
• To modify the RNA transcript before it is translated into a protein (produce a mature mRNA)

What is the function of the poly A tail?

• The function of the poly A tail is to regulate gene expression
• The function of the poly A tail is to store genetic information
• The function of the poly A tail is to stabilize the mRNA molecule and aid in its export from the nucleus to the cytoplasm.
• The function of the poly A tail is to initiate protein synthesis

What is the purpose of the small nuclear RNAs?

• The small nuclear RNAs are responsible for protein synthesis
• The small nuclear RNAs are involved in the splicing of pre-mRNA to remove introns and join exons together.
• The small nuclear RNAs are involved in DNA replication
• The small nuclear RNAs are only found in prokaryotic cells

Pick all of the statements below that correspond to codons:

• Specify a ribosomal subunit

• A sequence of two nucleotides that form a unit of genetic code
• Specify an amino acid

• A sequence of three nucleotides that form a unit of genetic code

What role does tRNA play in translation?

• tRNA acts as a catalyst for the translation process
• tRNA is responsible for transcribing DNA into mRNA
• tRNA carries specific amino acids to the ribosome and matches them to the mRNA codon.
• tRNA helps in the initiation of translation by binding to the mRNA start codon

What is an anticodon?

• A component of the endoplasmic reticulum
• A type of protein found in the cytoplasm
• Sequence of three nucleotides in a tRNA molecule
• A region of the cell membrane

Which enzyme couples amino acids to the tRNA?

• Amino acid dehydrogenase
• Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase
• tRNA ligase
• tRNA polymerase