Sedimentary Rocks Formation Quiz

What is the first step in the formation of sedimentary rocks?

• Compaction

• Cementation

• Weathering and erosion

• Melting

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

Which process involves the pressing together of sediments?

• Weathering

• Erosion

• Compaction

• Cementation

What is cementation in the context of sedimentary rock formation?

• The process of breaking down rocks into smaller pieces

• The movement of sediment by wind, water, or ice

• The process of layers of sediment being pressed together

• The binding together of sediments by minerals that crystallize from water

Which type of sedimentary rock is formed from the remains of plants and animals?

• Clastic

• Chemical

• Organic

• Metamorphic

What role does water play in the formation of sedimentary rocks?

• It breaks down the rocks through the process of melting

• It carries and deposits sediments in new locations

• It heats the sediments to form rocks

• It has no role in the formation of sedimentary rocks

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

Which of the following environments is NOT a common place for sedimentary rocks to form?

• Deserts

• Oceans

• Rivers

• Volcanoes

How does sediment size affect the type of sedimentary rock formed?

• Larger sediments form softer rocks

• Smaller sediments form harder rocks

• The size of sediments does not affect the type of rock formed

• Larger sediments form rocks with a smoother texture

What is the significance of layering (stratification) in sedimentary rocks?

• It indicates the direction of wind at the time of formation

• It shows the age of the rock, with the oldest layers at the bottom

• It is purely aesthetic and has no scientific significance

• It determines the color of the sedimentary rock

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-4

Which process can turn sediment into sedimentary rock without compaction and cementation?

• Melting

• Freezing

• Crystallization from solution

• Sublimation

Why are fossils commonly found in sedimentary rocks?

• The high heat and pressure in sedimentary rock formation preserve fossils well

• Fossils form only in the presence of water, which is abundant in sedimentary environments

• The process of sediment deposition covers and preserves organic material

• Fossils are actually part of the cementation process

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NGSS.MS-LS4-1