MEF SDN NFV Quiz

A company wants to grow their SDN network and is adding SDN controllers to distribute the network load. Which communication interface should the SDN controllers use to sync in order to provide a “single controller” view to the applications?

• Northbound Interface

• API or Application Interface

• Management Interface

• Eastbound/Westbound interface

A Network Operator is creating a network service made up of VNFs in a live NFV deployment. What steps should be used to create the service?

• Use VIMs (Virtual Infrastructure Manager) to instantiate and install the VNFs.

• Use EMS (Element Management System) to configure the VNFs individually.

• Use VIMs to plan and deploy the VNFI environment.

• The Operator should design, onboard, and install the network service.

A network operator is writing an application to deal reactively to new devices being added to the network. The goal is for the application to configure the device VLAN and QOS “on the fly” based upon how the device sends traffic. Should the application be written internally or reach the controller externally using REST API calls?

• Externally using REST APIs as a proactive app

• Either internal or external, the response time will not impacted

• Internally using Java as a reactive app

• Internally using REST APIs

A new distribution switch [Distribution 2] is being deployed. All traffic is managed through the SDN Controller. What must be performed in order for the new distribution switch to be added to the existing network? Use diagram below.

• Configure a dynamic routing protocol to allow for neighbor adjacency and next hops to be discovered.

• Setup the flow tables locally on the switch so that traffic will not loop and can be forwarded directly.

• Configure the SDN controller and the Southbound controller protocol, encryption or any other connection requirements between the switch and the SDN controller.

• Setup spanning-tree for loop prevention as this will also automatically configure communication to the SDN controller.

After upgrading the controller software version, the OpenFlow switches at a site are no longer working. What is a possible solution?

• The switches at the site need to be upgraded to a version of OpenFlow supported by the controller.

• The Controller and the Switches that are impacted only require a reboot.

• The switches and all other network devices need to be downgraded to an older version of code.

• The switches at the site need to be replaced all together.

An engineer is trying to create 5,000 multitenant networks that are interconnected through a common layer 2 group. The layer 2 network must support both unicast and broadcast delivery. Due to the limitation of VLANs only supporting 4094 tenants, which IP-based overlay can accomplish this task?

• IPSEC

• MPLS

• IPv6

• VXLAN

As a Service Provider you want to offer services to subscriber traffic to first go through a DPI VNF (Deep Packet Inspection) and then be load balanced using a Load Balancer VNF. At the DPI, traffic classification is done and an application ID is appended. The application ID for the subscriber traffic needs to be delivered to the load balancer as either inband or out of band metadata.

The delay between the DPI VNF and the Load Balancer VNF is 5 ms.

• There may be up to 10K (10,000) application IDs.

• The total delay between the DPI VNF and the Load Balancer VNF for subscriber traffic must be less than 6 ms.

 

Given the above, what is the best strategy for mapping the application ID

• Use ONLY out of band metadata

• Use inband metadata mapped to a MPLS label

• Use BOTH out of band and inband metadata

• Use inband metadata mapped to a VLAN

How could an SDN operator upgrade switches in a given region where maintenance window starts at 2 am for that location? Choose the option that would minimize downtime.

• Proactively program flows in the SDN switches to redirect traffic away from the effected network at 1 am.

• Reactively set flows in the SDN switches to redirect traffic toward the effect network at 1 am.

• Proactively set flows in the controller to redirect traffic away from that part of the effected network at 1 am.

• Reactively set flows in the controller to redirect traffic towards that part of the effected network at 1 am.

A company’s CTO is considering SDN. Recently the company failed a SEC test audit. The main problems in the audit was issues with Packet Flooding and lack of redundancy in an emergency. Other departments are pushing for an expensive appliance or COTS (commercial off the shelf) solution.

How does SDN address the main concerns of the CTO?

• SDN offers a separate control plane from the data plane automatically. This would make data management more secure and easier.

• SDN delivers better isolation of data plane traffic. In addition, SDN allows for flexible and reactive deployments to address redundancy needs as they arise.

• Security based routing that leverage existing switch fabric to better optimize traffic.

• Packet-based routing provides better accounting of all traffic types in the network. This aides in audit logs gathered by auditors.

A service provider plans to deploy 100 OpenFlow switches. The switches are deployed to separate domains where each domain is managed by a different controller. Controllers are setup in a federated deployment where each controller supports up to 20 OpenFlow switches but must support another domain should that domain’s controller fail.

How many controllers must the service provider deploy?

• 3 controllers

• 1 controller

• 5 controllers

• 10 controllers