3rd 9 weeks test review

Genetic testing for susceptibility to hereditary disease is a new arena of medicine, but it is likely to affect increasing numbers of people and families as more genes are identified.  Which three of the following phrases describe ethical considerations in genetic testing?

• ensuring there is a large density of DNA fragments tested

• allowing people or families to make informed, noncoerced decisions

• making sure to genotype a wide range of individuals

• causing no physical, emotional, or mental harm

• respecting a person's or family's right to privacy

Some traits (non-Mendelian) follow different types of inheritance patterns.  These traits are influenced by a variety of genotypes and some create new varieties of phenotypes.  Which of the following is an example of a non-Mendelian trait in humans?

• cleft chin

• blood type

• cheek dimples

• face freckles

What does "Sporulation" and "Budding" have to do with?

• asexual reproduction

• sexual reproduction

Which answer choice best describes ASEXUAL reproduction?

• Two parent cells replicate their RNA and create new cells after crossing over has occurred.

• A parent cell replicates its DNA and creates new cells without combining genetic material from another source.

• After a cell replicates its DNA, genetic material from another replicated cell’s DNA is combined into new cells/offspring.

• One cell replicates its DNA and creates new cells (after sporulation) that are genetically different than that of the parent cell.

ATP and ADP are cycled within a cell as a means of energy transfer.  Which of the following is NOT a characteristic that ATP and ADP share? 

• contains three phosphate groups

• energy molecule that drives cellular functions

• contains adenine

• has ribose sugar

Which of the following macromolecules does NOT have the correct association?

• lipid – built from fatty acids and provides long-term energy storage

• carbohydrate – a sugar or polymer of sugars that provides short-term energy storage

• nucleic acid – stores and transmits genetic information

• protein – the least common molecule found in cells

According to the pedigree chart, which shows an Autosomal Dominant disorder, which family member might have the genotype Bb?

• Individual II-3

• Individual II-6

• Individual III-2

The use of fossil fuels is one major contributor of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. The amount of carbon in the atmosphere has increased since 1960. Given the data above, what is the approximate mean difference in carbon dioxide concentrations (ppm) from 1980 to 2000?

• 30

• 60

• 90

• 120

The relationship between a bee and a flower is considered.... ?

• mutualism

• predator-prey

• commensalism

• parasitism

Which of the following phrases describes a characteristic of the Calvin Cycle? 

• requires solar energy

• requires ATP to move hydrogen ions across the membrane

• reassembles atoms from CO₂ and NADPH to create glucose

• takes place in the thylakoid of the chloroplast