RS: Carbon and Nitrogen Cycles

What does it mean that Earth is a closed system?

• All the matter we have is all we will ever have, ignoring minor additions from meteors.

• Matter can enter from other planets.

• Matter is continuously created within the system.

• The system is open for energy but closed for matter.

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How does water exit the bodies of living things?

• Through consumption of food

• By absorbing sunlight

• Via photosynthesis

• Through transpiration in plants and respiration in animals

What percentage of the mass of animals does carbon make up?

• 30 percent

• 10 percent

• 50 percent

• 20 percent

What is the main source of energy for living things?

• Oxygen

• Water

• Nitrogen

• Glucose

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Through what process do plants take in carbon dioxide and water to make glucose?

• Cellular respiration

• Photosynthesis

• Transpiration

• Nitrogen fixation

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What percentage of the atmosphere is made up of nitrogen?

• 80 percent

• 95 percent

• 50 percent

• 20 percent

How can plants absorb nitrogen?

• Through sunlight

• By absorbing carbon dioxide

• With the help of bacteria converting it into nitrates and ammonium

• Directly from the atmosphere as a gas

What is a key element in proteins and DNA?

• Carbon

• Oxygen

• Water

• Nitrogen

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How does carbon exit the biosphere?

• Through the water cycle

• Through nitrogen fixation

• By cellular respiration releasing carbon dioxide

• Via photosynthesis

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What role do decomposers play in the nitrogen cycle?

• They produce waste that is rich in nitrogen.

• They consume nitrogen directly from the atmosphere.

• They break down organic materials, releasing nitrogen gas back into the atmosphere.

• They convert nitrogen gas into a form plants can absorb.

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