Physical Science

Eric is studying the motion of particles in different states of matter. In his report, he will describe particle motion in solids, liquids and gases. Which of the following accurately describes the motion of particles in a solid?

• The particles are not in motion in a solid.

• The particles are vibrating in place in a solid

• The particles move freely of each other in solid.

• The particles are sliding past one another in a solid.

Several groups of students were given a 2 gram (g) cube of iron and a 4 g cube of iron. They examined three physical properties of each cube: density, magnetism, and electrical conductivity. Which of the following best explains the students' findings?

• The 2 g cube had smaller values for the physical properties because the matter was squeezed together in a smaller space.

• The 4 g cube had a greater density, was more magnetic, and was a stronger conductor of electricity because it occupied a larger space.

• The cubes had identical properties because the amount of matter would not change these physical properties.

• The density and ability to conduct electricity remained the same, but the cube was twice as magnetic because it was twice as large.

Copper, aluminum, and zinc are three types of metals. Which of the following physical properties do they have in common?

• conductivity

• melting point

• boiling point

• magnetism

Waves produce a disturbance in the material they travel through. As a result, waves travel at different speeds through different materials. Through which of these would sound waves travel at the greatest speed?

• a gas

• a solid

• a liquid

• a vacuum

The diagram below shows the path of a beam of light as it moves from glass to air. Which of the following is the best explanation for why the beam of light changes direction as it moves from the glass to the air?

• The light changes speed as it moves from the glass to the air causing it to reflect.

• The light changes speed as it moves from the glass to the air causing it to refract.

• The light is scattered as it moves from the glass to the air causing it to reflect.

• The light is scattered as it moves from the glass to the air causing it to refract.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS4-2

Carlos stomps a soda can flat and throws it away. Which of the following statements best describes the change made in the soda can?

• The soda can kept the same mass as it changed in shape only.

• The soda can lost mass as it was changed into a smaller size.

• The soda can paper gained mass because its shape changed.

• The soda can lost mass as it was crumpled.

Joanne decided to go on a picnic in the park. While she was packing her lunch, she ate half of her apple and was going to save the rest for later. On her way home, she started to eat the rest of the apple when she noticed that it had started to turn brown and rot. What happened to Joanne's apple?

• A chemical change occurred, because a new substance was forming.

• A chemical change occurred, because a new substance did not form.

• A physical change occurred, because a new substance was forming.

• A physical change occurred, because a new substance did not form.

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NGSS.MS-PS1-2

Which of the following is an example of how heat energy can be used to influence the rate at which a chemical change occurs?

• increasing the heat in an oven to make a cake bake faster

• increasing the heat on a stove to make a pot of water boil faster

• decreasing the temperature in the dryer to increase the drying time

• decreasing the temperature in a freezer to make items freeze faster

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

Ryan and his family are visiting a theme park and he wants to ride a roller coaster. At which point in the diagram would he expect to have the greatest amount of potential energy?

• Point W

• Point X

• Point Y

• Point Z

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-2

A ball with a mass of 3 kilograms rolls down a ramp, 50 meters long. The ramp started from a height of 10 meters. When the ball reached the end of the ramp its kinetic energy was measured. It was slightly less than its potential energy at the top of the ramp. Which of the following statements best explains the difference between the ball’s potential energy at the top of the ramp and its kinetic energy at the bottom of the ramp?

• Some of the energy is destroyed as the ball rolls down the ramp.

• The Law of Conservation of Energy does not apply to rolling objects.

• Some of the ball’s mass is converted to energy as it rolls down the ramp.

• Some of the energy is converted to heat from friction as the ball rolls down the ramp.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5