Higher Biology Unit 1 KA5: The structure of the genome

What is the genome of an organism?

• A collection of all the organism's cells

• A specific sequence of proteins

• The entire hereditary information encoded in the DNA

• The physical traits of an organism

What are the two main parts of the genome?

• Mitochondrial DNA and nuclear DNA

• Sequences that code for proteins and sequences that do not

• RNA and DNA

• Chromosomes and genes

What percentage of the eukaryotic genome codes for proteins?

• About 50%

• A very small percentage

• All of it

• Nearly 90%

What is the role of coding sequences in the genome?

• They have no known function

• They regulate transcription

• They are transcribed but not translated

• They code for proteins

What can non-coding sequences in the genome do?

• Regulate transcription

• Code for proteins

• Serve as structural components of the cell

• Directly participate in cellular respiration

Which of the following is NOT a function of non-coding sequences?

• Being transcribed into mRNA but not translated into a protein

• Having no known function

• Regulating the process of transcription

• Coding for proteins

What are tRNA and rRNA examples of?

• Enzymes involved in DNA replication

• Proteins coded by genes

• Non-coding sequences transcribed but not translated

• Coding sequences